Adipose‐derived stem cells for wound healing

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Abstract

Wound healing is a complex but a fine-tuned biological process in which human skin has the ability to regenerate itself following damage. However, in particular conditions such as deep burn or diabetes the process of wound healing is compromised. Despite investigations on the potency of a wide variety of stem cells for wound healing, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) seem to possess the least limitations for clinical applications, and literature showed that ASCs can improve the process of wound healing very likely by promoting angiogenesis and/or vascularisation, modulating immune response, and inducing epithelialization in the wound. In the present review, advantages and disadvantages of various stem cells which can be used for promoting wound healing are discussed. In addition, potential mechanisms of action by which ASCs may accelerate wound healing are summarised. Finally, clinical studies applying ASCs for wound healing and the associated limitations are reviewed.

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Most cited references 129

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Wound repair and regeneration.

Geoffrey C Gurtner, Sabine Werner, Yann Barrandon … (2008)

The repair of wounds is one of the most complex biological processes that occur during human life. After an injury, multiple biological pathways immediately become activated and are synchronized to respond. In human adults, the wound repair process commonly leads to a non-functioning mass of fibrotic tissue known as a scar. By contrast, early in gestation, injured fetal tissues can be completely recreated, without fibrosis, in a process resembling regeneration. Some organisms, however, retain the ability to regenerate tissue throughout adult life. Knowledge gained from studying such organisms might help to unlock latent regenerative pathways in humans, which would change medical practice as much as the introduction of antibiotics did in the twentieth century.

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Factors affecting wound healing.

S Guo, L DiPietro (2010)

Wound healing, as a normal biological process in the human body, is achieved through four precisely and highly programmed phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. For a wound to heal successfully, all four phases must occur in the proper sequence and time frame. Many factors can interfere with one or more phases of this process, thus causing improper or impaired wound healing. This article reviews the recent literature on the most significant factors that affect cutaneous wound healing and the potential cellular and/or molecular mechanisms involved. The factors discussed include oxygenation, infection, age and sex hormones, stress, diabetes, obesity, medications, alcoholism, smoking, and nutrition. A better understanding of the influence of these factors on repair may lead to therapeutics that improve wound healing and resolve impaired wounds.

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Multilineage cells from human adipose tissue: implications for cell-based therapies.

P A Zuk, M. Zhu, H. Mizuno … (2001)

Future cell-based therapies such as tissue engineering will benefit from a source of autologous pluripotent stem cells. For mesodermal tissue engineering, one such source of cells is the bone marrow stroma. The bone marrow compartment contains several cell populations, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are capable of differentiating into adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, and myogenic cells. However, autologous bone marrow procurement has potential limitations. An alternate source of autologous adult stem cells that is obtainable in large quantities, under local anesthesia, with minimal discomfort would be advantageous. In this study, we determined if a population of stem cells could be isolated from human adipose tissue. Human adipose tissue, obtained by suction-assisted lipectomy (i.e., liposuction), was processed to obtain a fibroblast-like population of cells or a processed lipoaspirate (PLA). These PLA cells can be maintained in vitro for extended periods with stable population doubling and low levels of senescence. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry show that the majority of PLA cells are of mesodermal or mesenchymal origin with low levels of contaminating pericytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. Finally, PLA cells differentiate in vitro into adipogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, and osteogenic cells in the presence of lineage-specific induction factors. In conclusion, the data support the hypothesis that a human lipoaspirate contains multipotent cells and may represent an alternative stem cell source to bone marrow-derived MSCs.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Cory J. Xian: (View ORCID Profile)

Journal

Title: Journal of Cellular Physiology

Abbreviated Title: J Cell Physiol

Publisher: Wiley

ISSN (Print): 0021-9541

ISSN (Electronic): 1097-4652

Publication date Created: November 27 2018

Publication date Created: June 2019

Publication date (Electronic): December 04 2018

Publication date (Print): June 2019

Volume: 234

Issue: 6

Pages: 7903-7914

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of GeneticsFaculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Iran

[2 ]School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, University of South AustraliaAdelaide South Australia Australia

[3 ]Department of ImmunologySchool of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari Iran

[4 ]Department of BiologyIslamic Azad University Arsanjan Iran

Article

DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27922

PubMed ID: 30515810

SO-VID: 7c88c60a-d18a-45ac-9cfe-9e4ddbe47b3d

License:

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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