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      Detecção e identificação molecular de vírus associados a videiras sintomáticas e assintomáticas Translated title: Molecular detection and identification of virus associated with symptomatic and symptomless grapevines

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          Abstract

          A propagação vegetativa da videira favorece infecções virais múltiplas, com expressão diferencial de sintomas em função da combinação da cultivar ou espécie da hospedeira com a espécie viral. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram detectar e identificar as espécies virais presentes em duas espécies/cultivares de videira: uma sintomática e outra assintomática. DsRNA de ambas as amostras foi submetido à RT-PCR com 17 pares de oligonucleotídeos específicos para a detecção de Grapevine virus A (GVA), Grapevine virus B (GVB), Grapevine virus D (GVD), Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV), Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Grapevine chrome mosaic virus (GCMV), Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (RSPaV), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 a 4 (GLRaV-1 a -4), além de três pares de oligonucleotídeos degenerados. Pelo menos um fragmento amplificado, por par de oligonucleotídeos, foi clonado e sequenciado. Plantas sintomáticas e assintomáticas mostraram infecções múltiplas por RSPaV, GLRaV-2 e/ou GLRaV-3. As sequências de nucleotídeos obtidas para sete isolados de RSPaV, três de GLRaV-2 e dois de GLRaV-3 apresentaram identidades superiores a 90% com espécies homólogas e permitiram a definição das possíveis estirpes presentes nas amostras infectadas. Esses resultados evidenciam a necessidade da diagnose viral baseada em testes específicos para determinar a condição sanitária da videira.

          Translated abstract

          The vegetative propagation of grapevine facilitates multiple viral infections, with different symptoms which vary according to combinations of cultivar or host species with viral species. The aims of this research were to detect and identify the viral species infecting two grapevine species/cultivars: one symptomatic and one symptomless. DsRNA from both samples was assayed by RT-PCR using 17 pairs of specific primers for detection of the Grapevine virus A (GVA), Grapevine virus B (GVB), Grapevine virus D (GVD), Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV), Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Grapevine chrome mosaic virus (GCMV), Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (RSPaV) and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1-4 (GLRaV-1 to -4), besides three degenerate primer pairs. For each primer pair at least one amplicon was cloned and sequenced. Symtomatic and symptomless plants were multiple infected by RSPaV, GLRaV-2 and/or GLRaV-3. The nucleotide sequences of seven isolates of RSPaV, three of GLRaV-2 and two of GLRaV-3 showed identities higher than 90% with the homologous viral species and allowed to identify possible viral strains in infected samples. These results highlight the necessity of viral diagnosis based on specific assays to determine grapevine sanitary status.

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          Most cited references20

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          Genetic diversity analyses of grapevine Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus reveal distinct population structures in scion versus rootstock varieties.

          Grapevine Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV) is a member of the genus Foveavirus within the family Flexiviridae. GRSPaV is closely associated with the disease Rupestris stem pitting and is frequently detected in grapevines worldwide. Previous research in several laboratories suggests that GRSPaV consists of a family of sequence variants. However, the genetic composition of GRSPaV variants in viral isolates from scion and rootstock varieties has not been studied extensively. In this report, the genetic diversity and population structure of GRSPaV isolates from scion and rootstock varieties were analysed using two pairs of primers targeting two different genomic regions encoding the helicase domain of the replicase and the capsid protein. In total, 190 cDNA clones derived from 24 isolates were sequenced and analysed. At least four major groups of GRSPaV variants were found to exist in grapevines. Interestingly, the majority of the scion varieties (9/10) that were analysed, regardless of their genetic background and geographical origin, harboured complex viral populations composed of two to four distinct viral variants. In contrast, the viral populations in isolates from rootstock varieties were homogeneous and comprised a single variant. The practice of grafting between scion and rootstock varieties commonly used in modern viticulture, coupled with the frequent regional and international exchange of propagating materials, may have played a major role in the ubiquitous distribution and mixed infections of distinct GRSPaV variants among scion varieties. The possible origin and evolution of GRSPaV are also discussed.
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            Genome sequences and structures of two biologically distinct strains of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 and sequence analysis.

            Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2), a member of the genus Closterovirus within Closteroviridae, is implicated in several important diseases of grapevines including "leafroll", "graft-incompatibility", and "quick decline" worldwide. Several GLRaV-2 isolates have been detected from different grapevine genotypes. However, the genomes of these isolates were not sequenced or only partially sequenced. Consequently, the relationship of these viral isolates at the molecular level has not been determined. Here, we group the various GLRaV-2 isolates into four strains based on their coat protein gene sequences. We show that isolates "PN" (originated from Vitis vinifera cv. "Pinot noir"), "Sem" (from V. vinifera cv. "Semillon") and "94/970" (from V. vinifera cv. "Muscat of Alexandria") belong to the same strain, "93/955" (from hybrid "LN-33") and "H4" (from V. rupestris "St. George") each represents a distinct strain, while Grapevine rootstock stem lesion-associated virus.
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              Molecular analysis of a California strain of Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus isolated from declining Syrah grapevines.

              The sequence of the genome of a Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (RSPaV) isolated from a declining Syrah grapevine in California, designated the Syrah strain (RSPaV-SY) was determined. The genome of this strain had an overall nucleotide identity of 77% in comparison with RSPaV sequences in GenBank; the coat protein was the most conserved gene among RSPaV sequences and the replicase was the least conserved gene. Phylogenetic analysis of partial coat protein and replicase gene sequences showed RSPaV-SY clustered independently from the majority of RSPaV isolates.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cr
                Ciência Rural
                Cienc. Rural
                Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Santa Maria, RS, Brazil )
                0103-8478
                1678-4596
                November 2010
                : 40
                : 11
                : 2249-2255
                Affiliations
                [02] Bento Gonçalves RS orgnameEmpresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Uva e Vinho Brasil thor@ 123456cnpuv.embrapa.br
                [03] São Paulo SP orgnameInstituto Biológico orgdiv1Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Sanidade Vegetal Brasil
                [01] Ponta Grossa PR orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa orgdiv1Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade Brasil
                Article
                S0103-84782010001100001 S0103-8478(10)04001101
                7c1ee64f-2ac9-431b-8d56-d51f7feeb64d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 October 2010
                : 26 August 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Defesa Fitossanitária

                GLRaV-2,GLRaV-3,Vitis,diagnose,variabilidade,RSPaV,diagnosis,variability

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