To compare the sensitivity and specificity of unenhanced spiral computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US) in patients with suspected acute appendicitis. Prospective study. University hospital, Germany. 120 consecutive patients with acute appendicitis as a differential diagnosis, whose clinical findings were not enough to make operation essential, but were too severe to send home. CT and US of the appendix. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value. The results were correlated with surgical and histopathological findings at appendicectomy or clinical follow-up. 93 patients had acute appendicitis, 27 patients did not. The sensitivity of CT was 95% and of US 87%. The corresponding specificities were 89% and 74%, positive predictive values 97% and 92%, negative predictive values 83% and 63%. In the 27 patients who did not have acute appendicitis, the correct diagnosis was established with CT in 14 patients and with US in eight. CT is more sensitive and specific than US in patients suspected of having acute appendicitis, but in whom the presentation is equivocal. The use of unenhanced spiral CT led to a significant improvement in the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis and a lower negative appendicectomy rate.
