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      Gingival augmentation by combination of laser and Acellular Dermal Matrix allograft in a patient with dystrophic form of epidermolysis bullosa: A case report

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          Key Clinical Message

          A patient suffering from epidermolysis bullosa with gingival recession and lack of attached gingiva of the mandibular anterior teeth. Treatment was performed to increase the amount of attached gingiva. An erbium laser was used and the site augmented with Acellular Dermal Matrix allograft to reduce the donor site surgical complications.

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          Most cited references26

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          Biological effects of low level laser therapy.

          The use of low level laser to reduce pain, inflammation and edema, to promote wound, deeper tissues and nerves healing, and to prevent tissue damage has been known for almost forty years since the invention of lasers. This review will cover some of the proposed cellular mechanisms responsible for the effect of visible light on mammalian cells, including cytochrome c oxidase (with absorption peaks in the Near Infrared (NIR)). Mitochondria are thought to be a likely site for the initial effects of light, leading to increased ATP production, modulation of reactive oxygen species, and induction of transcription factors. These effects in turn lead to increased cell proliferation and migration (particularly by fibroblasts).
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            Lethal effects of heat on bacterial physiology and structure.

            A Russell (2003)
            High temperatures have profound effects on the structural and physiological properties of sporulating and non-sporulating bacteria, with membranes, RNA, DNA, ribosomes, protein and enzymes all affected. Nevertheless, it is apparent that no one single event is responsible for cell death. The induction of intracellular heat-shock proteins and the activation of extracellular alarmones in vegetative cells exposed to mildly lethal temperatures are important cell responses. In bacterial spores, several factors contribute to the overall resistance to moist (wet) and dry heat; the latter, but not the former, induces mutations. Heat resistance develops during sporulation, when spore-specific heat-shock proteins are also produced. Heat sensitivity is regained during germination of spores.
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              Inherited epidermolysis bullosa: new diagnostic criteria and classification.

              Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of inherited, mechanobullous disorders caused by mutations in various structural proteins in the skin. There have been several advances in the classification of EB since it was first introduced in the late 19th century. We now recognize four major types of EB, depending on the location of the target proteins and level of the blisters: EB simplex (epidermolytic), junctional EB (lucidolytic), dystrophic EB (dermolytic), and Kindler syndrome (mixed levels of blistering). This contribution will summarize the most recent classification and discuss the molecular basis, target genes, and proteins involved. We have also included new subtypes, such as autosomal dominant junctional EB and autosomal recessive EB due to mutations in the dystonin (DST) gene, which encodes the epithelial isoform of bullouspemphigoid antigen 1. The main laboratory diagnostic techniques-immunofluorescence mapping, transmission electron microscopy, and mutation analysis-will also be discussed. Finally, the clinical characteristics of the different major EB types and subtypes will be reviewed. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                omid_taherpour@yahoo.com
                Journal
                Clin Case Rep
                Clin Case Rep
                10.1002/(ISSN)2050-0904
                CCR3
                Clinical Case Reports
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2050-0904
                25 June 2018
                August 2018
                : 6
                : 8 ( doiID: 10.1002/ccr3.2018.6.issue-8 )
                : 1571-1576
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry Hamedan Medical Science University Hamedan Iran
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Omid Taherpour, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Hamedan Medical Science University, Hamedan, Iran.

                Email: omid_taherpour@ 123456yahoo.com

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2515-9424
                Article
                CCR31658
                10.1002/ccr3.1658
                6099041
                7b3f0d4b-019e-4d34-948e-1721878333e6
                © 2018 The Authors. Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

                History
                : 02 March 2018
                : 24 May 2018
                : 01 June 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 6, Tables: 0, Pages: 6, Words: 2627
                Categories
                Case Report
                Case Reports
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                ccr31658
                August 2018
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:version=5.4.4 mode:remove_FC converted:19.08.2018

                acellular dermal matrix,biostimulation,epidermolysis bullosa,er,cr:ysgg laser,gingival allograft,gingival recession

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