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      Diseño y validación de una herramienta para el análisis y predicción de la innovación metodológica en centros de educación secundaria a través del aprendizaje automático Translated title: Design and validation of a tool for the analysis and prediction of methodological innovation in secondary education institutions through machine learning

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          Abstract

          Resumen: Los principales objetivos de esta investigación son proporcionar una descripción detallada de la tecnología de aprendizaje automático (ML, por sus siglas en inglés) aplicada a la medición de la innovación y diseñar un modelo que permita predecir el grado de innovación en una determinada institución. La tecnología ML carece de suposiciones o preconcepciones y es capaz de procesar una gran cantidad de datos y variables. Tras procesar los datos, se construye el modelo ML empleando variables asociadas al contexto educativo, se realiza el entrenamiento y se construye una web para predecir el grado de innovación de una institución educativa. El modelo proporciona una precisión del 66% en la predicción de la innovación y permite discutir la influencia de las variables analizadas a la hora de predecir el uso de metodologías activas en una institución. En conclusión, este enfoque puede abrir nuevas técnicas de análisis de datos apoyadas en ML que complementen los enfoques tradicionales basados en la estadística.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: The primary objectives of this research study are to provide a detailed description of machine learning (ML) technology when applied to assessing innovation and to design a model that allows predicting an institution’s degree of innovation. Machine learning technology lacks assumptions or preconceptions and is capable of processing a large amount of data and variables. After data processing, the ML model is built using variables associated with educational context, training is performed, and a web is built to predict the degree of innovation of an educational institution. This model provides an innovation accuracy prediction of 66% and allows assessing the influence of the variables analyzed when predicting the use of active methodologies at a given institution. In conclusion, this approach can open new data analysis techniques supported by ML that complement traditional statistically based approaches.

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          A Unified Approach to Interpreting Model Predictions

          Understanding why a model makes a certain prediction can be as crucial as the prediction's accuracy in many applications. However, the highest accuracy for large modern datasets is often achieved by complex models that even experts struggle to interpret, such as ensemble or deep learning models, creating a tension between accuracy and interpretability. In response, various methods have recently been proposed to help users interpret the predictions of complex models, but it is often unclear how these methods are related and when one method is preferable over another. To address this problem, we present a unified framework for interpreting predictions, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations). SHAP assigns each feature an importance value for a particular prediction. Its novel components include: (1) the identification of a new class of additive feature importance measures, and (2) theoretical results showing there is a unique solution in this class with a set of desirable properties. The new class unifies six existing methods, notable because several recent methods in the class lack the proposed desirable properties. Based on insights from this unification, we present new methods that show improved computational performance and/or better consistency with human intuition than previous approaches. To appear in NIPS 2017
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            Machine Learning: Algorithms, Real-World Applications and Research Directions

            In the current age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR or Industry 4.0), the digital world has a wealth of data, such as Internet of Things (IoT) data, cybersecurity data, mobile data, business data, social media data, health data, etc. To intelligently analyze these data and develop the corresponding smart and automated applications, the knowledge of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly, machine learning (ML) is the key. Various types of machine learning algorithms such as supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised, and reinforcement learning exist in the area. Besides, the deep learning, which is part of a broader family of machine learning methods, can intelligently analyze the data on a large scale. In this paper, we present a comprehensive view on these machine learning algorithms that can be applied to enhance the intelligence and the capabilities of an application. Thus, this study’s key contribution is explaining the principles of different machine learning techniques and their applicability in various real-world application domains, such as cybersecurity systems, smart cities, healthcare, e-commerce, agriculture, and many more. We also highlight the challenges and potential research directions based on our study. Overall, this paper aims to serve as a reference point for both academia and industry professionals as well as for decision-makers in various real-world situations and application areas, particularly from the technical point of view.
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              Machine Learning in Python: Main Developments and Technology Trends in Data Science, Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence

              Smarter applications are making better use of the insights gleaned from data, having an impact on every industry and research discipline. At the core of this revolution lies the tools and the methods that are driving it, from processing the massive piles of data generated each day to learning from and taking useful action. Deep neural networks, along with advancements in classical machine learning and scalable general-purpose graphics processing unit (GPU) computing, have become critical components of artificial intelligence, enabling many of these astounding breakthroughs and lowering the barrier to adoption. Python continues to be the most preferred language for scientific computing, data science, and machine learning, boosting both performance and productivity by enabling the use of low-level libraries and clean high-level APIs. This survey offers insight into the field of machine learning with Python, taking a tour through important topics to identify some of the core hardware and software paradigms that have enabled it. We cover widely-used libraries and concepts, collected together for holistic comparison, with the goal of educating the reader and driving the field of Python machine learning forward.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                infotec
                Información tecnológica
                Inf. tecnol.
                Centro de Información Tecnológica (La Serena, , Chile )
                0718-0764
                August 2024
                : 35
                : 4
                : 37-48
                Affiliations
                [1] Madrid orgnameUDIMA orgdiv1Facultad de Educación y Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Dpto. de Educación y Tecnología España
                [2] Madrid orgnameUDIMA orgdiv1Facultad de Educación y Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Dpto. de Matemáticas España joseluis.diaz.p@ 123456udima.es
                [3] Madrid orgnameUDIMA orgdiv1Facultad de Educación y Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Dpto. de Matemáticas España almudena.sanchez.s@ 123456udima.es
                [4] Madrid orgnameUDIMA orgdiv1Facultad de Educación y Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Dpto. de Educación y Tecnología España julian.roa@ 123456udima.es
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3122-5460
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4677-0970
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4246-4132
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4017-3067
                Article
                S0718-07642024000400037 S0718-0764(24)03500400037
                10.4067/s0718-07642024000400037
                79cc6461-6a3e-41f2-bba9-e3523eb819b2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 February 2024
                : 10 April 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                Artículos

                predictive models,análisis de datos,aprendizaje automático,innovación educativa,innovación metodológica,modelos predictivos,data analysis,machine learning,educational innovation,methodological innovation

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