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      DHS e OPS: estudo comparativo da falência de osteossíntese Translated title: DHS and OPS: comparative study of failed internal fixation

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: O presente estudo visa analisar prospectivamente dois tipos de osteossíntese (Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS), Orlando Pinto Souza (OPS)), utilizados para o tratamento de fraturas do fêmur proximal, quanto à ocorrência de "cut out". MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas no período de julho a dezembro de 2003, 52 cirurgias para tratamento de fraturas transtrocanterianas, 38 destas foram alvo do presente estudo. A técnica a ser utilizada foi escolhida por sorteio no ato operatório. RESULTADOS: No grupo onde fora implantado OPS não observamos a presença de "cut out" e no grupo do DHS obtivemos duas falências da síntese, uma em um paciente de sexo feminino portadora de fratura tipo Tronzo IV e outra em paciente do sexo masculino, portador de fratura Tronzo III, ambas classificadas como instáveis após a redução em mesa ortopédica. A média do TAD obtida foi de 31 mm para o grupo do DHS e de 56,63 mm para o OPS. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que quando Comparamos ambas as osteossínteses quanto à incidência de "cut out" e sua relação com o índice TAD preconizado por Baumgartner, no OPS o "cut out" não esteve dependente desta medida e que outros fatores como valgização e redução foram prioritários enquanto no DHS o índice TAD deve ser buscado.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: This prospective study compared the occurrence of cut out in two types of osteosyntheses (Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS), Orlando Pinto Souza (OPS)), used for treating proximal femur fractures. Materials and METHODS: From July to December of 2003, we operated 52 hip fractures, but only 38 cases were included in this study consistently with the inclusion criteria. The surgical technique was randomly determined at the moment of the procedure. RESULTS: In the OPS group, we didn't observe the occurrence of cut out, and, in the DHS group, we found 10% of synthesis failure: one in a female with a Tronzo IV fracture and other in a male patient with a Tronzo III fracture, both regarded as unstable after reduction on orthopaedic table. The mean Tip Apex Distance to OPS pin was 56.63 mm, and to DHS, 31 mm. CONCLUSION: We concluded that when we compared both osteosynthesis the incidence of cut out and its correlation with TAD as recommended by Baumgartner, in OPS the cut out wasn't dependent of TAD and other factors like valgusing reduction were most important, in DHS the TAD recommended by Baumgartner must be followed.

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          Most cited references28

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          The value of the tip-apex distance in predicting failure of fixation of peritrochanteric fractures of the hip.

          Failure of fixation of peritrochanteric fractures that have been treated with a fixed-angle sliding hip-screw device is frequently related to the position of the lag screw in the femoral head. A simple measurement has been developed to describe the position of the screw. This measurement, the tip-apex distance, is the sum of the distance from the tip of the lag screw to the apex of the femoral head on an anteroposterior radiograph and this distance on a lateral radiograph, after controlling for magnification. To determine the value of this measurement in the prediction of so-called cutout of the lag screw, 198 peritrochanteric fractures (193 patients) were studied. The minimum duration of follow-up was three months (average, thirteen months), during which period all of the fractures either healed or had failure of the fixation. Of the nineteen failures that were identified, sixteen were due to the device cutting out of the femoral head. The average tip-apex distance was twenty-four millimeters (range, nine to sixty-three millimeters) for the successfully treated fractures compared with thirty-eight millimeters (range, twenty-eight to forty-eight millimeters) for those in which the screw cut out (p = 0.0001). None of the 120 screws with a tip-apex distance of twenty-five millimeters or less cut out, but there was a very strong statistical relationship between an increasing tip-apex distance and the rate of cutout, regardless of all other variables related to the fracture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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            Cutting-out of the dynamic hip screw related to its position.

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              Prediction of fixation failure after sliding hip screw fixation.

              Cut-out of the lag screw is the commonest cause of fixation failure after sliding hip screw fixation of extracapsular hip fracture. A number of technical aspects of surgery have been used to asses the risk of cut-out. This study was to determine which of these indicators was the most reliable predictor of cut-out. The anterior-posterior and lateral post-operative radiographs of 23 cases of cut-out were compared with those of 77 cases of uneventful fracture healing. The tip-apex distance with correction for magnification was found to show the most significant difference between patients with cut-out against those without (P = 0.001), followed by the lag screw position on the lateral radiographs (P = 0.0095 and 0.014), reduction of the fracture on the anterior-posterior radiograph (P = 0.011 and 0.016) and the uncorrected tip-apex distance (P = 0.019). We recommend that for audit and research purposes the corrected tip-apex distance, fracture reduction and implant positioning methods should be used. For routine clinical practice, the uncorrected tip to apex distance, which is sum of the distance from the tip of the lag screw to the apex of the femoral head on anterior-posterior and lateral radiograph, and fracture reduction angle on the anterior-posterior radiograph are recommended.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                aob
                Acta Ortopédica Brasileira
                Acta ortop. bras.
                ATHA EDITORA (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1413-7852
                1809-4406
                2009
                : 17
                : 2
                : 35-39
                Article
                S1413-78522009000200006 S1413-7852(09)01700206
                79be8128-f212-45a5-9fdd-f14fcfb88a85

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 June 2008
                : 08 February 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigo Original

                Fraturas no Idoso,Fraturas do quadril,Fraturas do Fêmur Proximal,Proximal fêmur fractures,Ostheossynthesys release,Soltura de Osteossíntese,Hip fractures,Fractures in elderly,Ostheossyntesys failure,Falência de Osteossíntese

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