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      BICULTIVO EN BIOFLOC DE CACHAMA BLANCA -Piaractus brachypomus-Y TILAPIA NILÒTICA -Oreochromis niloticus- ALIMENTADAS CON DIETAS DE ORIGEN VEGETAL Translated title: CACHAMA -Piaractus brachypomus- AND NILE TILAPIA -Oreochromis niloticus- BICULTURE IN BIOFLOC FED DIETS OF VEGETABLE ORIGIN

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          Abstract

          Se evaluó el desempeño productivo de cachama blanca y tilapia nilótica cultivadas en biofloc y alimentadas con dietas de origen vegetal. Se cultivaron 80 peces/m³ en proporción 1:1 (cachama : tilapia), con tres niveles de proteína bruta (PB): 16% (T16), 24% (T24) y 32% (T32), en tanques de 1.000 l, con aireación permanente durante 120 días. Se estimaron parámetros de crecimiento, rendimiento, calidad de agua, costos de producción y análisis proximal de los flóculos. El oxígeno disuelto se mantuvo con saturación por encima de 100% y los compuestos nitrogenados (NO2 = 0,4-0,5 mg/l, NO3 = 0,4-0,5 mg/l, NH3 = 0,2-0,3 mg/l, TAN = 2,2-2,4 mg/l) no presentaron diferencias entre los tratamientos (P > 0,05). Los pesos finales de la cachama (173,5-196,2 g) fueron entre dos y cuatro veces los obtenidos por la tilapia (43,0-87,9 g). El mejor rendimiento del bicultivo se obtuvo con la dieta T24 (11,4 ± 1,3 kg/m³), el cual también registró el menor FCA (0,9 ± 0,3). Producir un kilogramo de pescado costó entre COP $3.148 (T24) y COP $4.445 (T32); del cual el alimento representó entre 49,2% (T16) y 63,3% (T32) y la energía, entre 10,3% (T32) y 14,2% (T16) de los costos. El análisis proximal de los flóculos registró niveles de proteína bruta (29-36% PB) adecuados para cachama y tilapia; pero con niveles bajos de lípidos (< 1,0%). El desempeño productivo y los costos de producción permiten sugerir la viabilidad que ofrece el sistema biofloc para la producción de carne de pescado con alimento de 24% PB de origen vegetal.

          Translated abstract

          The productive performance of cachama and nile tilapia reared in biofloc and fed diets of vegetal origin was evaluated. In 1000L tanks with permanent aeration, were placed 80 fish/m3, in a ratio 1:1 (cachama : tilapia); fish were fed with three levels of crude protein (CP): 16% (T16), 24% (T24) and 32% (T32) for 120 days. Parameters of growth, yield, water quality, production costs and proximal analysis of the flocs were estimated. Dissolved oxygen showed saturation above 100% and nitrogen compounds (NO2 = 0.4-0.5 mg/l, NO3 = 0.4-0.5 mg/l, NH3 = 0.2-0.3 mg/l, TAN = 2.2-2.4 mg/l) showed no statistical difference between treatments (P > 0.05). The final weight of the cachama (173.5-196.2 g) were between two and four times those obtained by tilapia (43.0-87.9 g). The tilapia recorded a better daily gain of weight in T24 (0.7 g/day); while the cachama ranged between 1.2-1.3 g/day, with no significant difference between these values (P > 0.05). The best bi-culture yield was obtained in T24 diet (11.4 ± 1.3 kg/ m³), which also recorded the lowest FCA (0.9 ± 0.3). To produce one kilogram of fish cost between COP$3.148 (T24) and COP$4.445 (T32); of which the food represented between 49.2% (T16) and 63.3% (T32) and energy between 10.3% (T32) and 14.2% (T16) of total costs. Proximal analysis of the flocs recorded crude protein levels suitable (29-36% PB) for cachama and tilapia; but with low lipid levels (< 1.0%). The productive performance and the production costs allow to suggest the viability of the biofloc system for the production of fish meat with 24% CP diet of vegetal origin.

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          Most cited references41

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          Feeding with microbial flocs by tilapia in minimal discharge bio-flocs technology ponds

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            Photosynthetic suspended-growth systems in aquaculture

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              Effect of biofloc technology on growth, digestive enzyme activity, hematology, and immune response of genetically improved farmed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rfmvz
                Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia
                Rev. Med. Vet. Zoot.
                Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0120-2952
                April 2017
                : 64
                : 1
                : 44-60
                Affiliations
                [01] Montería orgnameUniversidad de Córdoba orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia orgdiv2Departamento de Ciencias Acuícolas Colombia sbbruc@ 123456unal.edu.co
                [02] Montería orgnameUniversidad de Córdoba orgdiv1CINPIC Colombia
                [03] Medellín orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias orgdiv2Departamento de Producción Animal Colombia
                Article
                S0120-29522017000100005
                10.15446/rfmvz.v64n1.65824
                798f72f1-effc-41f0-a3c3-ccb082f371b2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 March 2017
                : 24 August 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 43, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                Bromatology,water quality,bacterial flocs,fish farming,bromatología,calidad de agua,flóculos bacterianos,piscicultura

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