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      TDAH entre o global e o singular: incursões a partir da disjunção do corpo infantil Translated title: TDAH entre lo global y lo singular: incursiones a partir de la disyunción del cuerpo infantil Translated title: ADHD between the global and the singular: incursions from the disjunction of the child's body

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          Abstract

          O quadro clínico do Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) se faz presente no contexto atual tanto no discurso dos profissionais quanto dos pais. A criança vista a partir do transtorno acaba por se perder entre diferentes propostas de avaliação e tratamento. A literatura que fundamenta essas propostas se divide de maneira excludente entre o campo biológico e o campo subjetivo/inter-relacional. Dadas essas diferentes premissas sobre o corpo e a criança, tem-se como objetivo problematizar o quadro clínico do TDAH frente à disjunção do corpo infantil na atualidade. Desse modo, discute-se o corpo como uma unidade alocada pelo sujeito para se expressar no ambiente. Os movimentos foram vistos como inseridos na intencionalidade, de modo que o sujeito se move em direção a um objeto/objetivo e visa evitar a angústia, se valendo tanto dos recursos cognitivos quanto psíquicos, sendo essa articulação efetivada pela linguagem. Tal modelo, somado ao contexto atual, apresenta impasses que se relacionam com os sintomas de desatenção e hiperatividade. Verificou-se a importância dos aspectos singulares que se expressam; a necessidade de se discutir paradigmas disjuntivos e o posicionamento do psicólogo.

          Translated abstract

          El cuadro clínico del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) está presente en el contexto actual tanto en los discursos de los profesionales como de los padres. El niño visto a partir del trastorno se pierde entre diferentes propuestas de evaluación y tratamiento. La literatura que fundamenta estas propuestas se divide excluyentemente entre el campo biológico y el campo subjetivo/inter-relacional. Dadas estas diferentes premisas acerca del cuerpo y el niño, el objetivo es problematizar el cuadro clínico del TDAH frente a la disyunción del cuerpo infantil en la actualidad. Así, se expone el cuerpo como unidad asignada por el sujeto para expresarse en el ambiente. Los movimientos fueron vistos como inseridos en la intencionalidad, de modo que el sujeto se mueve en dirección a un objeto/objetivo para evitar la angustia, valiéndose de recursos tanto cognitivos como psíquicos; siendo esta articulación efectuada por el lenguaje. Tal modelo sumado al contexto actual presenta impasses relacionados con los síntomas de desatención e hiperactividad. Concluyendo, verificase la importancia de los aspectos singulares que se expresan; la necesidad de discutir paradigmas disyuntivos y el posicionamiento del psicólogo.

          Translated abstract

          The clinical picture of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is present in the current context both in the professional and parents discourse. The child seen from the disorder gets lost among different proposals for evaluation and treatment. The literature that fundaments these proposals is exclusively divided between the biological and the subjective/inter-relational field. Given these different assumptions about the body and the child, it aimed to question the clinical picture of ADHD given the disjunction of the child's body nowadays. Thus, it discusses the body as a unit allocated by the subject to express itself in the environment. The moves were seen as entered in intent, so the subject moves toward an object/objective and intended to avoid anguish, taking advantage of both the psychic and cognitive resources, this joint being implemented by language. This model, in addition to the current context, presents impasses that relate to the symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity. In conclusion, it was found the importance of the unique aspects that are expressed; the need to discuss disjunctive paradigms and psychologist positioning.

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          Most cited references26

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          Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: constructing a unifying theory of ADHD.

          Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comprises a deficit in behavioral inhibition. A theoretical model is constructed that links inhibition to 4 executive neuropsychological functions that appear to depend on it for their effective execution: (a) working memory, (b) self-regulation of affect-motivation-arousal, (c) internalization of speech, and (d) reconstitution (behavioral analysis and synthesis). Extended to ADHD, the model predicts that ADHD should be associated with secondary impairments in these 4 executive abilities and the motor control they afford. The author reviews evidence for each of these domains of functioning and finds it to be strongest for deficits in behavioral inhibition, working memory, regulation of motivation, and motor control in those with ADHD. Although the model is promising as a potential theory of self-control and ADHD, far more research is required to evaluate its merits and the many predictions it makes about ADHD.
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            Dysexecutive syndromes in neurologic disease.

            Damage to the frontal structures may lead to a diverse set of changes in cognitive, behavioral, or emotional domains. While lesion studies have demonstrated distinct impairments related to pathology in different frontal regions, it is clear that the frontal lobe syndrome is not restricted to damage to frontal regions. Therefore, the broad range of impairments in executive functioning evident in neurologic disease is often referred to as the dysexecutive syndrome. This review provides an overview of how executive functioning has been traditionally defined and measured. The components of executive function such as planning, cognitive flexibility and set-shifting, initiation and self-generation, response inhibition, serial ordering and sequencing, are discussed with respect to traditional measures and neural substrates. This is followed by profiles of frontal-executive dysfunction in aging, traumatic brain injury, frontotemporal dementia, and Parkinson's disease. Since no one specific neurologic disorder has a predilection to damage isolated to the frontal lobes, profiles of the dysexecutive syndrome are related to damage to several regions in addition to the frontal lobes. Finally, there is a discussion of ecological validity and the impact of executive deficits on everyday functioning. The recent development of executive tests with greater ecological validity is reviewed and discussed, and suggestions for future directions for research are provided.
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              Edição standard brasileira das obras psicológicas completas de Sigmund Freud

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pc
                Psicologia Clínica
                Psicol. clin.
                Departamento de Psicologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0103-5665
                1980-5438
                2016
                : 28
                : 1
                : 123-138
                Affiliations
                [02] São Paulo orgnameUniversidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie Brasil
                [01] São Paulo orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo Brasil
                Article
                S0103-56652016000100007 S0103-5665(16)02800100007
                7880c498-c431-4494-b8ca-3dae9a0470d0

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 May 2015
                : 25 October 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 16
                Product

                SciELO Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia

                Categories
                Clínica,Psicanálise e Corpo

                psicologia clínica,clinical psychology,body,ADHD,corpo,TDAH,psicología clínica,cuerpo

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