Bethany Nichol: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original
draft
Jemma Louise McCready:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9997-6956
Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – review &
editing
Mary Steen: Role: ConceptualizationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
John Unsworth:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4150-6513
Role: Funding acquisitionRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – review & editing
Valentina Simonetti:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7185-4850
Role: SupervisionRole: Writing – review & editing
Marco Tomietto:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3813-1490
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole:
ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – review & editing
Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari: Role: Editor
Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS One
Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
Title:
PLOS ONE
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
(San Francisco, CA USA
)
ISSN
(Electronic):
1932-6203
Publication date
(Electronic):
2
March
2023
Publication date Collection: 2023
Publication date PMC-release: 2
March
2023
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Electronic Location Identifier: e0282525
Affiliations
[1
]
Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Faculty of Health and
Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
[2
]
Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences,
Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
[3
]
Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro",
Bari, Italy
[4
]
Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu,
Finland
[5
]
Visiting Professor, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN
Author notes
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author information
Article
Publisher ID:
PONE-D-22-26074
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282525
PMC ID: 9980804
PubMed ID: 36862698
SO-VID: 779721b7-2a39-4181-ac52-f35389e9969c
Copyright © © 2023 Nichol et al
License:
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided
the original author and source are credited.
Funded by:
funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010052, Northumbria University;
Award ID: Internal Funding
Award Recipient
:
Bethany Nichol
This study has been supported by an internal funding provided by Northumbria University
at Newcastle Upon Tyne (UK) (
https://www.northumbria.ac.uk/). MT and JU received the funding. Bethany Nichol is the recipient. The funder had
and will not have a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Our study has been internally supported
by the University of Northumbria (Newcastle). Due to this, we don’t have a formal
letter from the funder, as usually required according to the PLOS One guidelines for
the external funders.
Subject:
Research Article
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Immunology
Subject:
Vaccination and Immunization
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Immunology
Subject:
Vaccination and Immunization
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Public and Occupational Health
Subject:
Preventive Medicine
Subject:
Vaccination and Immunization
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Viral Diseases
Subject:
Influenza
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Infectious Disease Control
Subject:
Vaccines
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Viral Diseases
Subject:
Covid 19
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Women's Health
Subject:
Maternal Health
Subject:
Pregnancy
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Women's Health
Subject:
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Subject:
Pregnancy
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Bacterial Diseases
Subject:
Pertussis
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Epidemiology
Subject:
Pandemics
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Immunology
Subject:
Vaccination and Immunization
Subject:
Vaccine Development
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Immunology
Subject:
Vaccination and Immunization
Subject:
Vaccine Development
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Public and Occupational Health
Subject:
Preventive Medicine
Subject:
Vaccination and Immunization
Subject:
Vaccine Development