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      A Five-Year (2016-2020) Trend Analysis of Malaria Surveillance Data in Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

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          Abstract

          Background

          Continuous malaria surveillance data analysis plays a significant role in monitoring trends over time and evaluating the effectiveness of malaria prevention and control programs. Hence, this study was part of an effort to achieve this goal. This study's main aim was to analyse five years (2016-2020) of malaria surveillance data in the Oromia Region, Ethiopia.

          Methods

          A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to analyse the five-year (2016-2020) trend of malaria cases in the Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.

          Results

          A total of 5,843,373malaria suspected cases were reported during the five-year period. Among the total reported cases, 727,738 were a total of both clinical and parasitological confirmed cases. The average total malaria annual parasite incidence (API) was 4 per 1,000 persons. The highest malaria cases were observed during the spring and summer seasons. Conclusions and Recommendation. Trends of total clinical and confirmed malaria cases decreased from year to year except for the recent year with an exceptional variability in 2019. The highest or peak of malaria cases was observed during spring season (September-November). Malaria indicator-based performance plans and achievements should be regularly and strictly reviewed and evaluated at each level.

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          Malaria epidemiology and interventions in Ethiopia from 2001 to 2016

          Hiwot Taffese, Elizabeth Hemming-Schroeder, Cristian Koepfli … (2018)
          Background Ethiopia is one of the African countries where Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax co-exist. Monitoring and evaluation of current malaria transmission status is an important component of malaria control as it is a measure of the success of ongoing interventions and guides the planning of future control and elimination efforts. Main text We evaluated changes in malaria control policy in Ethiopia, and reviewed dynamics of country-wide confirmed and clinical malaria cases by Plasmodium species and reported deaths for all ages and less than five years from 2001 to 2016. Districts level annual parasite incidence was analysed to characterize the malaria transmission stratification as implemented by the Ministry of Health. We found that Ethiopia has experienced major changes from 2003 to 2005 and subsequent adjustment in malaria diagnosis, treatment and vector control policy. Malaria interventions have been intensified represented by the increased insecticide treated net (ITN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) coverage, improved health services and improved malaria diagnosis. However, countrywide ITN and IRS coverages were low, with 64% ITN coverage in 2016 and IRS coverage of 92.5% in 2016 and only implemented in epidemic-prone areas of > 2500 m elevation. Clinical malaria incidence rate dropped from an average of 43.1 cases per 1000 population annually between 2001 and 2010 to 29.0 cases per 1000 population annually between 2011 and 2016. Malaria deaths decreased from 2.1 deaths per 100 000 people annually between 2001 and 2010 to 1.1 deaths per 100 000 people annually between 2011 to 2016. There was shrinkage in the malaria transmission map and high transmission is limited mainly to the western international border area. Proportion of P. falciparum malaria remained nearly unchanged from 2000 to 2016 indicating further efforts are needed to suppress transmission. Conclusions Malaria morbidity and mortality have been significantly reduced in Ethiopia since 2001, however, malaria case incidence is still high, and there were major gaps between ITN ownership and compliance in malarious areas. Additional efforts are needed to target the high transmission area of western Ethiopia to sustain the achievements made to date. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0487-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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            Trend of malaria prevalence in Wolkite health center: an implication towards the elimination of malaria in Ethiopia by 2030

            Absra Solomon, Daniel Kahase, Mihret Alemayehu (2020)
            Background Malaria is one of the main public health challenges in Ethiopia that hinder the productivity and development of the country. In 2018, Ethiopia is on track to minimize the incidence of malaria by 40% as per its 2020 malaria reduction strategy. Currently, Ethiopia is working to eliminate malaria in 2030 by extending the 2020 strategy. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the trend of malaria prevalence in Wolkite health center, Gurage zone, Southern Central Ethiopia from 2015 to 2018. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence of malaria by reviewing the malaria registration laboratory logbook at Wolkite health center from 2015 to 2018. For all patients, blood films were done for the detection of malaria cases. All the socio-demographic data, year, month and malaria data were collected using a predesigned data collection sheet from January to March, 2019. Results From a 121,230 clinically malaria suspected patients, the overall prevalence of microscopically confirmed cases were 8.56% (n = 10,379/121,230). Plasmodium vivax was the most predominant species accounted for 69.7% (n = 7237/10,379) followed by Plasmodium falciparum 29.3% (n = 3044/10,379). Age group > 15 years old were more affected by malaria accounting 54% (n = 5609/10,379) and malaria cases regarding sex were proportional (51.1% of males and 48.3% of female). Among the catchment areas, a higher number of malaria prevalence was recorded in the Wolkite town 66.2% (n = 0.6538/10,379). Higher malaria cases were shown in the season of Spring 29.8% (n = 3096/10,379) while lower cases 20.4% (n = 2123/10,379) were seen in the Winter season. Conclusion The prevalence of malaria in Wolkite health center showed a consistent downward trend from the year of 2015–2018. Importantly, the higher prevalence of P. vivax seems overlooked in the study area. Therefore, malaria prevention and control strategy should be reinforced to reduce the prevalence of malaria in the study area.
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              Current status of malaria in Ethiopia: evaluation of the burden, factors for transmission and prevention methods

              A. Alelign, T Dejene, Hilary Box … (2016)
              Article 0 comments Cited 20 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Zalalem Olani:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0857-7723
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biomed Res Int
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biomed Res Int
                Journal ID (publisher-id): BMRI
                Title: BioMed Research International
                Publisher: Hindawi
                ISSN (Print): 2314-6133
                ISSN (Electronic): 2314-6141
                Publication date Collection: 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): 5 August 2023
                Volume: 2023
                Electronic Location Identifier: 5278839
                Affiliations
                1Department of Public Health, Saint Paul's Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                2Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Saint Paul's Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                3Oromiyaa Regional Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                4Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Arif Jamal Siddiqui

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0857-7723
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3863-4995
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2023/5278839
                PMC ID: 10423085
                PubMed ID: 37576999
                SO-VID: 77498c06-73f1-4d03-8714-7df8d16994a8
                Copyright © Copyright © 2023 Zalalem Olani et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 19 October 2022
                Date revision received : 30 March 2023
                Date accepted : 27 July 2023
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article

                Data availability:

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