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      Three-dimensional imaging techniques: A literature review

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          Abstract

          Imaging is one of the most important tools for orthodontists to evaluate and record size and form of craniofacial structures. Orthodontists routinely use 2-dimensional (2D) static imaging techniques, but deepness of structures cannot be obtained and localized with 2D imaging. Three-dimensional (3D) imaging has been developed in the early of 1990's and has gained a precious place in dentistry, especially in orthodontics. The aims of this literature review are to summarize the current state of the 3D imaging techniques and to evaluate the applications in orthodontics.

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          Most cited references90

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          Clinical applications of cone-beam computed tomography in dental practice.

          William Scarfe, Allan G. Farman, Predag Sukovic (2006)
          Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems have been designed for imaging hard tissues of the maxillofacial region. CBCT is capable of providing sub-millimetre resolution in images of high diagnostic quality, with short scanning times (10-70 seconds) and radiation dosages reportedly up to 15 times lower than those of conventional CT scans. Increasing availability of this technology provides the dental clinician with an imaging modality capable of providing a 3-dimensional representation of the maxillofacial skeleton with minimal distortion. This article provides an overview of currently available maxillofacial CBCT systems and reviews the specific application of various CBCT display modes to clinical dental practice.
          Article 0 comments Cited 273 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            A new X-ray technique and its application to orthodontia

            BH Broadbent, B. BROADBENT, B Broadbent … (1931)
            Article 0 comments Cited 103 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Paranasal sinus bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities: CT analysis for endoscopic sinus surgery.

              Nicholas Butzin, Zachary Parsons, W E Bolger (1990)
              Coronal plane computerized tomographic (CT) scanning has dramatically improved the imaging of paranasal sinus anatomy as compared to sinus radiographs. Increasingly, subtle bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities of this region are being detected. Data regarding the "background" prevalence of these findings are needed to determine their clinical relevance. A detailed analysis of coronal plane CT scans of the paranasal sinuses obtained in 202 consecutively imaged patients was conducted. Special attention was directed toward identifying bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities. Anatomic variations studied included pneumatization of the middle turbinate, paradoxical curvature of the middle turbinate, Haller's cells, and pneumatization of the uncinate process. Such bony anatomic variations were detected in 131 (64.9%) of 202 patients and were found with a similar frequency in patients scanned for sinus complaints and in those scanned for nonsinus reasons. Mucosal abnormalities were detected in 168 (83.2%) of 202 patients. For those patients scanned during the evaluation of sinus-like complaints, mucosal abnormalities were noted in 153 (92.2%) of 166 cases, and were predominantly detected in the anterior ethmoid region. For patients scanned during nonsinus evaluations, mucosal abnormalities were detected in 15 (41.7%) of 36 cases, without predilection for the anterior ethmoid region. Discussion regarding the prevalence and clinical significance of paranasal sinus bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities is included as a guide to assist the otolaryngologist and/or radiologist in the evaluation of coronal sinus CT scans.
              Article 0 comments Cited 91 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Eur J Dent
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Eur J Dent
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EJD
                Title: European Journal of Dentistry
                Publisher: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                ISSN (Print): 1305-7456
                ISSN (Electronic): 1305-7464
                Publication date (Print): Jan-Mar 2014
                Volume: 8
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 132-140
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Dr. Orhan Hakki Karatas Email: drorhanhakkikaratas@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: EJD-8-132
                DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.126269
                PMC ID: 4054026
                PubMed ID: 24966761
                SO-VID: 7589dc9e-dcd5-433d-8041-b6fc4c726bde
                Copyright © Copyright: © European Journal of Dentistry
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: 3d imaging,3d scanning,orthodontic diagnosis,treatment planning
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: 3d imaging, 3d scanning, orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning

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