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      Family Members’ Perspectives of Health Care System Interactions With Suicidal Patients and Responses to Suicides: Protocol for a Qualitative Research Study

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          Abstract

          Background

          Suicide is a major cause of preventable death globally and a leading cause of death by injury in Canada. To support people who experience suicidal thoughts and behaviors and ultimately prevent people from dying by suicide, it is important to understand the individual and familial experiences with the health care system.

          Objective

          This study aims to explore how suicide victims, and their family members, interacted with the health care system.

          Methods

          We will invite family members of 6 to 8 suicide victims to participate in the study by sharing their perspectives on both their relative’s as well as their own interactions with the health care system. Interviews will take place in-person and will be audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically.

          Results

          The results of the study are expected to be available in 12 months. We expect the results to shed light on the experiences of suicide victims and their family members with the health care system.

          Conclusions

          Our study results may inform practice, policy, and further research. They may shape how members of the health care system respond to people who are at risk of suicide and their families.

          International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

          PRR1-10.2196/13797

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          Most cited references31

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          Depression and hopelessness as risk factors for suicide ideation, attempts and death: meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

          Many studies have documented robust relationships between depression and hopelessness and subsequent suicidal thoughts and behaviours; however, much weaker and non-significant effects have also been reported. These inconsistencies raise questions about whether and to what degree these factors confer risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviours.AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the magnitude and clinical utility of depression and hopelessness as risk factors for suicide ideation, attempts and death.
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            Vital Signs: Trends in State Suicide Rates — United States, 1999–2016 and Circumstances Contributing to Suicide — 27 States, 2015

            Introduction Suicide rates in the United States have risen nearly 30% since 1999, and mental health conditions are one of several factors contributing to suicide. Examining state-level trends in suicide and the multiple circumstances contributing to it can inform comprehensive state suicide prevention planning. Methods Trends in age-adjusted suicide rates among persons aged ≥10 years, by state and sex, across six consecutive 3-year periods (1999–2016), were assessed using data from the National Vital Statistics System for 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data from the National Violent Death Reporting System, covering 27 states in 2015, were used to examine contributing circumstances among decedents with and without known mental health conditions. Results During 1999–2016, suicide rates increased significantly in 44 states, with 25 states experiencing increases >30%. Rates increased significantly among males and females in 34 and 43 states, respectively. Fifty-four percent of decedents in 27 states in 2015 did not have a known mental health condition. Among decedents with available information, several circumstances were significantly more likely among those without known mental health conditions than among those with mental health conditions, including relationship problems/loss (45.1% versus 39.6%), life stressors (50.5% versus 47.2%), and recent/impending crises (32.9% versus 26.0%), but these circumstances were common across groups. Conclusions Suicide rates increased significantly across most states during 1999–2016. Various circumstances contributed to suicides among persons with and without known mental health conditions. Implications for Public Health Practice States can use a comprehensive evidence-based public health approach to prevent suicide risk before it occurs, identify and support persons at risk, prevent reattempts, and help friends and family members in the aftermath of a suicide.
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              Language and meaning: Data collection in qualitative research.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                JMIR Res Protoc
                JMIR Res Protoc
                ResProt
                JMIR Research Protocols
                JMIR Publications (Toronto, Canada )
                1929-0748
                August 2019
                09 August 2019
                : 8
                : 8
                : e13797
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Addiction and Mental Health Alberta Health Services Edmonton, AB Canada
                [2 ] Department of Psychiatry University of Alberta Edmonton, AB Canada
                [3 ] Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education University of Alberta Edmonton, AB Canada
                Author notes
                Corresponding Author: Vincent Agyapong agyapong@ 123456ualberta.ca
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-0610
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3717-6398
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5971-138X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3401-5441
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5505-7942
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-5921
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9776-2348
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2743-0372
                Article
                v8i8e13797
                10.2196/13797
                6709894
                31400108
                750b5285-392c-4919-836a-df8189eee9f5
                ©Erin Bryksa, Reham Shalaby, Laura Friesen, Kirsten Klingle, Graham Gaine, Liana Urichuk, Shireen Surood, Vincent Agyapong. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 09.08.2019.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Research Protocols, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.researchprotocols.org.as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

                History
                : 23 February 2019
                : 27 April 2019
                : 13 May 2019
                : 14 May 2019
                Categories
                Protocol
                Protocol

                suicide,family members,public health systems research

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