Effects of dietary energy on growth performance, carcass characteristics, serum biochemical index, and meat quality of female Hu lambs

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of dietary energy levels on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and serum biochemical of female Hu lambs. Seventy female Hu lambs (aged 4 months) were randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatments. Lambs were fed diets with 5 levels of metabolizable energy (ME): 9.17 (E1), 9.59 (E2), 10.00 (E3), 10.41 (E4), and 10.82 MJ/kg (E5). The lambs were adapted to the experimental diets for 10 d and the experiment period lasted for 60 d. Dry matter intake and feed conversion ratio linearly ( P < 0.001) increased and decreased ( P < 0.001), respectively, with increasing dietary ME levels. Average daily gain (ADG) linearly ( P < 0.001) increased with increasing dietary ME levels, with the highest final body weight ( P = 0.041) observed in E4 group. Moreover, dietary energy level was associated with linear increases in serum total protein (TP) ( P < 0.001), albumin (ALB) ( P = 0.017), glucose (GLU) ( P = 0.004), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) ( P = 0.006) concentrations, and it was associated with a quadratic decrease in serum triglyceride (TG) concentration ( P = 0.002). Serum ammonia concentration, which was firstly decreased and then increased, was quadratically affected by dietary ME levels ( P = 0.013). Compared with E1 group, lambs in E4 group had higher ( P < 0.05) live weights, carcass weights, mesenteric fat ratio, non-carcass fat ratio, and larger loin muscle area, but lower ( P < 0.05) meat colour a∗ and b∗ values, and lesser ( P < 0.05) C17:0, C20:0, C18:1n-9t, C18:3n-3, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), but greater ( P < 0.05) C18:3n-6 and n-6:n-3 ratios in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle tissue, and lesser ( P < 0.05) C17:0, C18:3n-3, C22:6n-3, and n-3 PUFA in the biceps femoris (BF) muscle tissue. The results demonstrated that increasing dietary energy level improved the growth performance and affected carcass traits, serum biochemical indexes, and fatty acid profiles in different muscles of female Hu lambs. For 4-month-old female Hu lambs, the recommended fattening energy level is 10.41 MJ/kg.