Propuesta para el diseño de un código de ética empresarial basado en la ética kantiana

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Abstract

El objetivo de este artículo es determinar cómo los fundamentos de la ética kantiana pueden dar sustento a la construcción de un código de ética para una empresa concreta. La investigación es cualitativa, basada en entrevistas aplicadas a 138 colaboradores y analiza el proceso seguido en una empresa para diseñar su código de ética. En este proceso se respeta el principio de la autonomía del colaborador, tanto en la generación y apropiación de los criterios éticos. Bajo esta perspectiva, el código de ética logra establecer con claridad y precisión el deber ser de la organización siguiendo el criterio de la racionalidad y universalización de las normas, así como el respeto a la dignidad humana. Gracias a ello, el código de ética responde a los problemas que todo colaborador se enfrenta en la vida organizacional, así como asegurar su legitimidad como pilar de la ética empresarial

Translated abstract

L'objectif de cet article est de déterminer comment les fondements de l'éthique kantienne peuvent supporter la construction d'un code d'éthique pour une entreprise en particulier. Il s'agit d'une recherche qualitative, basée sur des entretiens appliqués sur 138 collaborateurs, et l'analyse du processus suivi dans une entreprise pour concevoir son code d'éthique. On respecte sur ce processus le principe d'autonomie du collaborateur, si bien dans la génération comme dans l'appropriation des critères éthiques. Sous cette perspective, le code d'éthique est capable d'établir avec clarté et précision le devoir être de l'organisation en suivant le critère de la rationalité et l'universalisation des normes, ainsi que le respect vers la dignité humaine. Grâce à cela, le code d'éthique répond aux problèmes que tout collaborateur doit faire face dans la vie organisationnelle, en assurant en même temps sa légitimité comme pilier de l'éthique d'entreprise

Translated abstract

This article sought to determine how the foundations of Kantian ethics can support the construction of a code of ethics for a specific company. This was a qualitative research based on interviews of 138 collaborators and which analyzed the process followed in a company to design their code of ethics. Within this process the principle of collaborator autonomy was respected, both in the generation and appropriation of ethical criteria. Under this perspective, the code of ethics manages to clearly and precisely establish the organization's ought be by following the rationality criteria and universalization of norms, as well as respect to human dignity. Due to this, the code of ethics responds to the problems every collaborator faces throughout organizational life, as well as ensures its legitimacy as a pillar of entrepreneurial ethics

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Strategy and society: the link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility.

Michael R. Kramer, Karen E. Porter (2006)

Governments, activists, and the media have become adept at holding companies to account for the social consequences of their actions. In response, corporate social responsibility has emerged as an inescapable priority for business leaders in every country. Frequently, though, CSR efforts are counterproductive, for two reasons. First, they pit business against society, when in reality the two are interdependent. Second, they pressure companies to think of corporate social responsibility in generic ways instead of in the way most appropriate to their individual strategies. The fact is, the prevailing approaches to CSR are so disconnected from strategy as to obscure many great opportunities for companies to benefit society. What a terrible waste. If corporations were to analyze their opportunities for social responsibility using the same frameworks that guide their core business choices, they would discover, as Whole Foods Market, Toyota, and Volvo have done, that CSR can be much more than a cost, a constraint, or a charitable deed--it can be a potent source of innovation and competitive advantage. In this article, Michael Porter and Mark Kramer propose a fundamentally new way to look at the relationship between business and society that does not treat corporate growth and social welfare as a zero-sum game. They introduce a framework that individual companies can use to identify the social consequences of their actions; to discover opportunities to benefit society and themselves by strengthening the competitive context in which they operate; to determine which CSR initiatives they should address; and to find the most effective ways of doing so. Perceiving social responsibility as an opportunity rather than as damage control or a PR campaign requires dramatically different thinking--a mind-set, the authors warn, that will become increasingly important to competitive success.