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      Propuesta de acción para reducción de factores maternos en el bajo peso al nacer Translated title: Action proposal to reduce the mother factors related to the low birth weight

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          Abstract

          El bajo peso al nacer aumenta varias veces el riesgo de morbilidad neonatal e infantil, causando trastornos familiares y sobrecarga los presupuestos de cuidados intensivos y neonatales especiales del país. Por ello, la atención a estos pequeños constituye un problema de salud pública mundial. OBJETIVO: Elaborar una propuesta de acción para la reducción de factores maternos relacionados con el bajo peso al nacer. MÉTODOS: Se realizó estudio prospectivo descriptivo para caracterizar el comportamiento del bajo peso al nacer y su relación con causas maternas predisponentes de 123 recién nacidos bajo peso que se compararon con igual número de neonatos con peso igual o superior a 2 500 g, durante los años 2001 al 2007, procedentes del área de salud "José Jacinto Milanés" de Matanzas. Entre las variables estudiadas se señala edad materna, valoración nutricional, ganancia de peso e intervalo intergenésico, antecedentes obstétricos, enfermedad materna asociada y hábito de fumar. RESULTADOS: Existió estrecha relación del bajo peso al nacer con la desnutrición materna, ganancia insuficiente de peso y embarazos muy próximos, en nulíparas, con abortos inducidos, trastornos hipertensivos y tabaquismo asociados. CONCLUSIONES: Se elaboró una propuesta de acción educativa y médica para actuar sobre los factores maternos relacionados con el bajo peso al nacer. Se recomienda continuar el estudio en otras áreas de salud, divulgación de los resultados y propuesta en eventos y generalizarlos a otras entidades.

          Translated abstract

          The low birth weight several times increases the neonatal and infantile morbidity risk, leading to family disorders and a overload in budgets related to intensive and neonatal special care for the country. Thus, the care of this children is a world public health problem. OBJECTIVE: A descriptive and prospective study was conducted to characterize the low birth weight behavior and its relation to the mother predisposing causes of 123 low birth weight newborns compared with a similar number of neonates with similar or higher weight from 2001to 2007 or the "José Jacinto Milanés" health area in Matanzas province. Study variable include mother age, nutritional assessment, weight gain and inter-genesis, obstetric backgrounds, associated mother disease and smoking. RESULTS: There was a close relationship between he low birth weight and the mother malnutrition, insufficient weight gain and pregnancy very near each other, in nullipara with induced abortions, associated hypertensive disorders and smoking CONCLUSIONS: An educational and medical action proposal was designed to act on the mother factors related to the low birth weight. It is recommended the study on other health areas, communicate the results and the suggestion in events and a generalization to other entities.

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          Most cited references29

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          Manual de diagnóstico y tratamiento de Obstetricia y Perinatología

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            Impact of maternal body mass index on obstetric outcome.

            The purpose of the present study was to correlate effect of maternal body mass index (BMI) on obstetric outcome. The studies conducted so far are from Western developed countries and there is a paucity of data from developing countries. A prospective evaluation was carried out of 380 women in one unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India from May 2005 to June 2006 on the effect of maternal BMI on pregnancy outcome. BMI was calculated as weight (kg) divided by height (m(2)). BMI was used to characterize women as lean (BMI or =30 kg/m(2)). Forty-six women (12.1%) out of 380 were underweight, 99 (26.1%) were overweight, 30 (7.9%) were obese and the remaining 205 (53.9%) had normal BMI. Anemia (P = 0.02) and low birthweight (P = 0.008) was significantly present among lean women. Obese women had a significant risk for gestational diabetes (P = 0.0004), pre-eclampsia (P = 0.004), cesarean delivery (P = 0.01) and macrosomia (P = 0.02). Both lean and obese women carry a risk for adverse pregnancy outcome, therefore pregnant women should maintain a normal BMI to achieve a healthy pregnancy outcome.
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              Manual de diagnóstico y tratamiento en Obstericia y Perinatología

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                gin
                Revista Cubana de Obstetricia y Ginecología
                Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana )
                1561-3062
                December 2010
                : 36
                : 4
                : 532-543
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Policlínico Universitario José Jacinto Milanés Cuba
                [2 ] Hospital Docente Ginecoobstétrico Julio Alfonso Medina Cuba
                Article
                S0138-600X2010000400007
                74932196-dfe1-44a3-a6a6-8b193237e6ae

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0138-600X&lng=en
                Categories
                OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                Low birth weight,mother factors,action proposal,factores maternos,Bajo peso al nacer,propuesta de acción

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