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      Avaliação clínica e epidemiológica das úlceras por pressão em pacientes internados no Hospital São Paulo Translated title: Clinical and epidemiologic evaluation of pressure ulcers in patients at the Hospital São Paulo

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Caracterizar o perfil dos pacientes internados no Hospital São Paulo, portadores de úlcera por pressão (UP). MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, baseado na avaliação de todos os portadores de UP, internados no período de 1 a 31 de maio de 2002 neste hospital. Foi utilizado um questionário que contém dados demográficos, clínicos, classificação da UP e aplicação da Escala de Braden. Para a análise estatística foi utilizado o Teste do qui quadrado de Pearson, sendo considerado significante um p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Dos 78 portadores de UP, 66,7% tinham idade acima de 61 anos, com média de idade igual a 64 anos. A média de tempo de internação foi de 33 dias. Foi observado que 68% da amostra desenvolveram a úlcera no hospital, sendo que 34 (43,7%) eram pré-úlceras. As causas mais freqüentes de hospitalização foram as neoplasias (29,5%) e as doenças neurológicas (29,5%). Na classificação das UP, todos os estágios foram encontrados na região sacral, sendo 19 (24,4%) pré-úlcera, 30 (38,5%) grau II, nove (11,5%) grau III e dez (12,8%) grau IV. De acordo com a Escala de Braden, metade dos pacientes internados possuía alto risco para formação de UP, enquanto 16 (20,5%) apresentaram risco moderado, 15 (19,3%) baixo risco e apenas 8 (10,2%) não eram de risco. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se uma amostra com risco elevado de desenvolver UP, sendo necessário adotar medidas adequadas para preveni-las, principalmente durante o período de hospitalização.

          Translated abstract

          BACKGROUND: To determine the profile of patients at the Hospital São Paulo with pressure ulcers (PU). METHODS: A prospective study was carried out. Seventy-eight patients with pressure ulcers were evaluated between May 1st and 31st of 2002. The questionnaire consisted of demographic and clinical data of the population, PU classification and Braden Scale. RESULTS: Concerning 78 patients with PU: 66.7% were over 61 years old (average: 64). The average period of hospitalization was 33 days. 68% (53) developed ulcers while hospitalized, of which 43.7% (34) were pre-ulcers. The most frequent causes of hospitalization were neurological diseases (29.5%) and cancer (29.5%). Regarding the classification of the pressure ulcers, all stages were found on the sacrum, being 24.4% (19) pre-ulcer, 38.5% (30) stage II, 11.5%(9) stage III and 12.8%(10) at stage IV. According to the Braden Scale, half of the patients hospitalized showed severe risk of PU development, while 20.5% (16) showed moderate risk and 19.3% (15) showed low risk. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed a high risk of PU development, indicating the importance of having knowledge about the main characteristics of the hospitalized patients who may develop pressure ulcers, and, thus, preventing them.

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          Most cited references28

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          Pressure ulcers among the elderly.

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            Cuidando de feridas, um guia para as enfermeiras

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              INCIDENCE OF PRESSURE-SORES IN THE GREATER GLASGOW HEALTH BOARD AREA

              A survey was made by questionnaire of the prevalence and severity of pressure-sores on a given date among all hospital inpatients and all patients visited by a district nurse within the Greater Glasgow Health Board area. 8.8% of patients had a pressure-sore. Those aged 70 and over accounted for 70% of the patients with sores. Chairfast patients consistently had a higher pressure-sore frequency than bedfast patients of a similar degree of helplessness.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ramb
                Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
                Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.
                Associação Médica Brasileira (São Paulo )
                1806-9282
                April 2004
                : 50
                : 2
                : 182-187
                Article
                S0104-42302004000200036
                10.1590/S0104-42302004000200036
                739919e3-8520-4f17-83a1-dad867a1dd0c

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0104-4230&lng=en
                Categories
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

                Internal medicine
                Pressure ulcer,Population characteristics,Hospitalization,Epidemiology,Úlcera de pressão,Caraterísticas da população,Hospitalização,Epidemiologia

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