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COVID-19 follow-up: chest X-ray findings with clinical and radiological relationship three months after recovery
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Abstract
Introduction
To evaluate the radiological sequelae of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in a mid-term follow-up and investigate their relationship with clinical-radiological findings.
Methods
This prospective study included COVID-19 patients who underwent a CXR three months after discharge. The relationship between CXR score at three months after discharge and clinical findings and previous CXR scores, at admission and before the discharge, were evaluated. Then, based on mid-term follow-up CXR score, patients were divided in Group A (score=0) and Group B (score≥1), and clinical-radiological findings were compared between two Groups. Finally, we calculated the CXR scores at admission and before the discharge with the highest sensitivity and specificity to predict normal and abnormal CXR score at mid-term follow-up.
Results
The study included 119 patients, mean age 65.9±14.6 years. The oxygen saturation (Sa O2) (p=0.0006), the days of hospitalization (p<0.0001) and the CXR score before the discharge (p=0.0091) were independent factors to predict the mid-term follow-up CXR score. The Group A, 59 (49.6%) patients, had CXR scores at admission and before the discharge lower than Group B. The CXR scores at admission and before the discharge with the highest sensitivity and specificity to predict normal and abnormal CXR score at mid-term follow-up were, respectively, 3 and 2 (p<0.0001).
Conclusions
The radiological abnormalities were present in about half patients three months after discharge, which had higher age, previous CXR scores and longer hospitalization. The S O2, days of hospitalization and previous CXR scores were independent factors for predicting the CXR at three months.