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      Os mártires e a cristianização do território na América portuguesa, séculos XVI e XVII

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          Abstract

          O artigo investiga um grupo de atores sociais bastante relevante para viabilizar a cristianização na América portuguesa: os mártires cristãos, indivíduos muito especiais, dispostos a regar a terra com seu próprio sangue, de forma a tornar definitiva e irreversível a ocupação cristã do território. Os mártires - e principalmente a narrativa em torno deles - parecem ter sido bastante acionados para integrar a América portuguesa e seus habitantes nativos à temporalidade e territorialidade cristã. Os mártires dos séculos XVI e XVII, principalmente missionários, reeditavam os martírios do início da cristandade, que espalharam o cristianismo rumo a diversas partes do mundo na antiguidade. Dessa forma, viabilizaram a cristianização das novas fronteiras, consagrando o solo com seu sangue divino e viabilizando posteriores processos de urbanização. Além da função estratégica dos mártires para os cristãos, o texto mostra que eles também tiveram significado peculiar na interlocução com as culturas ameríndias, que tinha como um de seus principais personagens o grande guerreiro, disposto a perder seu sangue em prol de seu grupo.

          Translated abstract

          This paper looks into a group of social agents who played a significant role in the Christianization of Portuguese America, namely, the Christian martyrs - very special individuals who were ready to wet the land with their own blood in order to make possible a definitive and irreversible occupation of the territory by Christian settlers. The martyrs, and above all the stories told about them, seem to have been called upon to integrate Portuguese America and its native inhabitants into the temporalities and territory of Christendom. Mostly made up of missionaries, this group of 16th and 17th-century martyrs reedited the martyrdom of early Christians, who spread their creed across numerous parts of the Ancient World. They enabled the Christianization of new frontiers by consecrating the soil with their divine blood and paving the way for subsequent processes of urban development. In addition to their strategic significance for Christianity, the text also shows that their martyrdom played a specific role in the Christian settlers' interaction with Amerindian culture, whose main cults included the figure of the great warrior, ever ready to shed his own blood for his group.

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          Most cited references64

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          A heresia dos índios: catolicismo e rebeldia no Brasil colonial

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            Religião como tradução: missionários, Tupi e “tapuia” no Brasil Colonial

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              História da Companhia de Jesus no Brasil

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                anaismp
                Anais do Museu Paulista: História e Cultura Material
                An. mus. paul.
                Museu Paulista, Universidade de São Paulo (São Paulo )
                1982-0267
                June 2010
                : 18
                : 1
                : 43-82
                Affiliations
                [1 ] USP
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual de Campinas Brazil
                [3 ] FAPESP
                Article
                S0101-47142010000100003
                10.1590/S0101-47142010000100003
                7271f536-f1fc-4e40-9471-f708992ed2db

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0101-4714&lng=en
                Categories
                HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                Portuguese America,Martyrdom,Society of Jesus,Religious History,América portuguesa,Martírios,Companhia de Jesus,História Religiosa

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