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      Gender and Entrepreneurship: a comparative study between the Causation and Effectuation approaches Translated title: Gênero e Empreendedorismo: um estudo comparativo entre as abordagens Causation e Effectuation

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT The literature on the role of gender in entrepreneurship has been growing significantly in recent last years (FRIGOTTO; DELLA VALLE, 2016). However, little has been studied about the influence of gender in the conception of a business venture. In the search for empirical evidence to elucidate the debate about this gap in the literature, this research sought to verify whether there is an association between gender and the approaches Causation - based on causality - and Effectuation - based on contingencies - (SARASVATHY, 2001). For this purpose, a survey was conducted with Individual Micro Entrepreneurs (MEI) in the city of Nova Cruz/RN. A probabilistic random sample of 100 respondents was collected. The survey was composed of closed questions, including the profile of the entrepreneur, company profile and the Causation and Effectuation questions. The techniques of factorial analysis and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. The results show a positive and statistically significant association between the female gender and the Causation perspective.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO A literatura sobre o papel do gênero no empreendedorismo cresceu consideravelmente nos últimos anos, entretanto pouco se estudou sobre sua influência na concepção de um negócio (FRIGOTTO; DELLA VALLE, 2016). Em busca de evidências que auxiliem a elucidar o debate sobre essa lacuna, esta pesquisa buscou verificar se há associação entre gênero e o modo de empreender à luz das abordagens Causation - baseada na causalidade - e Effectuation - baseada em contingências - (SARASVATHY, 2001). Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa com Microempreendedores Individuais (MEI) na cidade de Nova Cruz/RN. A amostra aleatória foi constituída por 100 respondentes. O instrumento de pesquisa foi composto por perguntas fechadas, compreendendo o perfil do empreendedor, perfil da empresa e as abordagens Causation e Effectuation. Para a análise dos dados, foram utilizadas as técnicas de análise fatorial e regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados demonstram associação positiva entre o gênero feminino e a perspectiva Causation.

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          Uses and abuses of coefficient alpha.

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            On the Use, the Misuse, and the Very Limited Usefulness of Cronbach’s Alpha

            This discussion paper argues that both the use of Cronbach’s alpha as a reliability estimate and as a measure of internal consistency suffer from major problems. First, alpha always has a value, which cannot be equal to the test score’s reliability given the interitem covariance matrix and the usual assumptions about measurement error. Second, in practice, alpha is used more often as a measure of the test’s internal consistency than as an estimate of reliability. However, it can be shown easily that alpha is unrelated to the internal structure of the test. It is further discussed that statistics based on a single test administration do not convey much information about the accuracy of individuals’ test performance. The paper ends with a list of conclusions about the usefulness of alpha.
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              Social Networks and Entrepreneurship

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bbr
                BBR. Brazilian Business Review
                BBR, Braz. Bus. Rev.
                Fucape Business School (Vitória, ES, Brazil )
                1808-2386
                June 2019
                : 16
                : 3
                : 273-296
                Affiliations
                [2] Natal Rio Grande do Norte orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
                [1] Nova Cruz RN orgnameInstituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
                [3] Natal RN orgnameInstituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
                Article
                S1808-23862019000300273
                10.15728/bbr.2019.16.3.5
                70a7905c-9fe7-4709-b5db-e0dbca1d10e2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 June 2017
                : 10 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 68, Pages: 24
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Articles

                Gênero,Empreendedorismo,Causation,Effectuation,Gender,Entrepreneurship

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