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      Factores que al ingreso influyen en la evolución de pacientes con diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda Translated title: Factor that, upon Hospitalization, Influence the Evolution of Patients with a Diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: La pancreatitis aguda es un proceso inflamatorio que daña reversiblemente el parénquima pancreático. Es una enfermedad engañosa y variable en el tiempo; una identificación oportuna de los signos de gravedad mejora el pronóstico y reduce la mortalidad. Objetivos: Establecer los factores que al ingreso influyen en la evolución de pacientes con diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda e identificar la relación de los hallazgos tomográficos y ecográficos al ingreso, con la evolución de estos pacientes. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, observacional y descriptivo en pacientes con diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda, en el Hospital General Docente Provincial “Carlos Manuel de Céspedes”. Resultados: La edad media fue 51,l7 años y el 60,49 % de los pacientes eran del sexo masculino. La supervivencia fue 93,83 %. El síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica, la disfunción de uno o más órganos, la realización de la intervención quirúrgica, la frecuencia cardiaca mayor de 90 latidos/minutos, la taquipnea, el valor de la glucemia mayor de 6,5 mmol/L y el valor del conteo de leucocitos mayor de 11,0 x 109/L, resultaron en factores de riesgo que, al ingreso, influyeron en la evolución de los pacientes hacia la muerte. Conclusiones: El síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica fue el principal factor de riesgo y la variable que mayor influencia tuvo en la evolución hacia la muerte de los pacientes estudiados, seguido de la disfunción de órganos y la realización de la intervención quirúrgica. El resto de las variables estudiadas no influyeron en la evolución de pacientes con diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process that reversibly damages the pancreatic parenchyma. It is, through time, a deceitful and variable disease; timely identification of the signs of severity improves the prognosis and reduces mortality. Objective: To establish the factors that, upon hospitalization, influence the evolution of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Methods: A quantitative, observational and descriptive study with analytical phases was carried out in patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, at Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Provincial General Hospital. Results: The mean age was 51,17 years, while 60.49% of the patients were male. Survival was 93.83%. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, dysfunction of one or more organs, performance of surgical intervention, heart rate higher than 90 beats per minute, tachypnea, glycemic value over 6.5 mmol/L, and white blood cell count value greater than 11.0x109/L, resulted in risk factors that, upon admission, influenced the evolution of patients towards death. Conclusions: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome was the main risk factor and the variable that had the greatest influence on the evolution towards death of the patients studied, followed by organ dysfunction and the performance of surgical intervention. The rest of the variables studied did not influence the evolution of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis.

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          Most cited references28

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          Clinical practice guideline: management of acute pancreatitis.

          There has been an increase in the incidence of acute pancreatitis reported worldwide. Despite improvements in access to care, imaging and interventional techniques, acute pancreatitis continues to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of clinical practice guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis, recent studies auditing the clinical management of the condition have shown important areas of noncompliance with evidence-based recommendations. This underscores the importance of creating understandable and implementable recommendations for the diagnosis and management of acute pancreatitis. The purpose of the present guideline is to provide evidence-based recommendations for the management of both mild and severe acute pancreatitis as well as the management of complications of acute pancreatitis and of gall stone-induced pancreatitis.
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            The Interplay between Inflammation, Coagulation and Endothelial Injury in the Early Phase of Acute Pancreatitis: Clinical Implications

            Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease with varied severity, ranging from mild local inflammation to severe systemic involvement resulting in substantial mortality. Early pathologic events in AP, both local and systemic, are associated with vascular derangements, including endothelial activation and injury, dysregulation of vasomotor tone, increased vascular permeability, increased leukocyte migration to tissues, and activation of coagulation. The purpose of the review was to summarize current evidence regarding the interplay between inflammation, coagulation and endothelial dysfunction in the early phase of AP. Practical aspects were emphasized: (1) we summarized available data on diagnostic usefulness of the markers of endothelial dysfunction and activated coagulation in early prediction of severe AP; (2) we reviewed in detail the results of experimental studies and clinical trials targeting coagulation-inflammation interactions in severe AP. Among laboratory tests, d-dimer and angiopoietin-2 measurements seem the most useful in early prediction of severe AP. Although most clinical trials evaluating anticoagulants in treatment of severe AP did not show benefits, they also did not show significantly increased bleeding risk. Promising results of human trials were published for low molecular weight heparin treatment. Several anticoagulants that proved beneficial in animal experiments are thus worth testing in patients.
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              Markers of inflammation, activation of blood platelets and coagulation disorders in inflammatory bowel diseases.

              Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. It is a group of chronic disorders characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal track with unknown etiology. Currently applied biomarkers include CRP, ESR, pANCA, ASCA, and fecal calprotectin. The etiopathogenesis of IBD is multifactorial. In patients with IBD in inflamed alimentary tract mucosa the number of recruited monocytes and activated macrophages which are source of cytokines. In IBD, the exacerbation is accompanied by thrombocytosis. Platelets play a crucial role in the hemostasis and inflammatory response. Selectins, which regulates the hemostasis and inflammatory response, stimulates the secretion of many inflammatory mediators such as β-thromboglobuline, CD40L, fibrinogen, IL-1β, platelet factor-4. In the course of IBD the following changes are observed: an increase in the number of platelets (reactive thrombocytosis), PDW and PCT, reduction in MPV, increased production and excretion of granular content products (P-selectin, GP53, β-TG, PF-4, vWF, fibrinolytic inhibitors).
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cir
                Revista Cubana de Cirugía
                Rev Cubana Cir
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana, , Cuba )
                0034-7493
                1561-2945
                March 2020
                : 59
                : 1
                : e886
                Affiliations
                [1] Bayamo, Granma orgnameHospital General Docente Provincial “Carlos Manuel de Céspedes” Cuba
                Article
                S0034-74932020000100004 S0034-7493(20)05900100004
                7015a5e6-fa31-4725-b655-43e5f5437362

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 December 2019
                : 26 November 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 0
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                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                ARTICULOS ORIGINALES

                pancreatitis aguda,systemic inflammatory response syndrome,prognostic factors,acute pancreatitis,síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica,factores pronósticos

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