Motor imagery during action observation increases eccentric hamstring force: an acute non-physical intervention

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Abstract

Rehabilitation professionals typically use motor imagery (MI) or action observation (AO) to increase physical strength for injury prevention and recovery. Here we compared hamstring force gains for MI during AO (AO + MI) against two pure MI training groups.

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ALE meta-analysis of action observation and imitation in the human brain.

Svenja Caspers, Karl Zilles, Angela R Laird … (2010)

Over the last decade, many neuroimaging studies have assessed the human brain networks underlying action observation and imitation using a variety of tasks and paradigms. Nevertheless, questions concerning which areas consistently contribute to these networks irrespective of the particular experimental design and how such processing may be lateralized remain unresolved. The current study aimed at identifying cortical areas consistently involved in action observation and imitation by combining activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis with probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps. Meta-analysis of 139 functional magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography experiments revealed a bilateral network for both action observation and imitation. Additional subanalyses for different effectors within each network revealed highly comparable activation patterns to the overall analyses on observation and imitation, respectively, indicating an independence of these findings from potential confounds. Conjunction analysis of action observation and imitation meta-analyses revealed a bilateral network within frontal premotor, parietal, and temporo-occipital cortex. The most consistently rostral inferior parietal area was PFt, providing evidence for a possible homology of this region to macaque area PF. The observation and imitation networks differed particularly with respect to the involvement of Broca's area: whereas both networks involved a caudo-dorsal part of BA 44, activation during observation was most consistent in a more rostro-dorsal location, i.e., dorsal BA 45, while activation during imitation was most consistent in a more ventro-caudal aspect, i.e., caudal BA 44. The present meta-analysis thus summarizes and amends previous descriptions of the human brain networks related to action observation and imitation. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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The neural network of motor imagery: an ALE meta-analysis.

Sébastien Hétu, Mathieu Grégoire, Arnaud Saimpont … (2013)

Motor imagery (MI) or the mental simulation of action is now increasingly being studied using neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging. The booming interest in capturing the neural underpinning of MI has provided a large amount of data which until now have never been quantitatively summarized. The aim of this activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis was to provide a map of the brain structures involved in MI. Combining the data from 75 papers revealed that MI consistently recruits a large fronto-parietal network in addition to subcortical and cerebellar regions. Although the primary motor cortex was not shown to be consistently activated, the MI network includes several regions which are known to play a role during actual motor execution. The body part involved in the movements, the modality of MI and the nature of the MI tasks used all seem to influence the consistency of activation within the general MI network. In addition to providing the first quantitative cortical map of MI, we highlight methodological issues that should be addressed in future research. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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The Football Association Medical Research Programme: an audit of injuries in professional football--analysis of hamstring injuries.

C. WOODS (2004)

To conduct a detailed analysis of hamstring injuries sustained in English professional football over two competitive seasons. Club medical staff at 91 professional football clubs annotated player injuries over two seasons. A specific injury audit questionnaire was used together with a weekly form that documented each clubs' current injury status. Completed injury records for the two competitive seasons were obtained from 87% and 76% of the participating clubs respectively. Hamstring strains accounted for 12% of the total injuries over the two seasons with nearly half (53%) involving the biceps femoris. An average of five hamstring strains per club per season was observed. A total of 13 116 days and 2029 matches were missed because of hamstring strains, giving an average of 90 days and 15 matches missed per club per season. In 57% of cases, the injury occurred during running. Hamstring strains were most often observed during matches (62%) with an increase at the end of each half (p<0.01). Groups of players sustaining higher than expected rates of hamstring injury were Premiership (p<0.01) and outfield players (p<0.01), players of black ethnic origin (p<0.05), and players in the older age groups (p<0.01). Only 5% of hamstring strains underwent some form of diagnostic investigation. The reinjury rate for hamstring injury was 12%. Hamstring strains are common in football. In trying to reduce the number of initial and recurrent hamstring strains in football, prevention of initial injury is paramount. If injury does occur, the importance of differential diagnosis followed by the management of all causes of posterior thigh pain is emphasised. Clinical reasoning with treatment based on best available evidence is recommended.

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Author and article information

Journal

Title: Disability and Rehabilitation

Abbreviated Title: Disability and Rehabilitation

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

ISSN (Print): 0963-8288

ISSN (Electronic): 1464-5165

Publication date Created: March 14 2017

Publication date Created: June 05 2018

Publication date (Electronic): March 21 2017

Publication date (Print): June 05 2018

Volume: 40

Issue: 12

Pages: 1443-1451

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Psychology, Sport and Exercise, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom;

[2 ] Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom

Article

DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1300333

PubMed ID: 28322596

SO-VID: 6fefd30a-9ac9-406e-b6bb-7d517747fff6

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Motor imagery during action observation increases eccentric hamstring force: an acute non-physical intervention

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Atomic Force Microscopy

Most cited references 58

ALE meta-analysis of action observation and imitation in the human brain.

The neural network of motor imagery: an ALE meta-analysis.

The Football Association Medical Research Programme: an audit of injuries in professional football--analysis of hamstring injuries.

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