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      Evaluación participativa de la sustentabilidad entre un sistema campesino bajo manejo convencional y uno agroecológico de una comunidad Mapuche de la Región de la Araucanía (Chile) Translated title: Participatory evaluation of sustainability in a conventional and agroecological peasant farm of a Mapuche community, Chile

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          Abstract

          El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar la sustentabilidad de dos sistemas agrarios campesinos (convencional y agroecológico) identificando los aspectos que limitan y potencian su sustentabilidad. El esquema metodológico utilizado correspondió al MESMIS y los instrumentos de recolección de la información fueron levantamiento y mediciones en terreno, observaciones directas con ayuda de registros de campo, transectos y diálogos abiertos apoyados con guión. La definición de indicadores y los rangos de valoración se realizó de manera conjunta con las y los agricultores, mediante diversas metodologías participativas. Los resultados señalan, para el sistema agroecológico -en relación con el convencional- una mayor diversidad de cultivos, mayor porcentaje de autoproducción de semilla y material vegetal, mayor ingresos totales y menor estacionalidad de dichos ingresos, menor dependencia de insumos externos, mayor porcentaje de reciclaje y/o reutilización de recursos/ residuos intraprediales, mayor aplicación de conocimiento y habilidades propias, mayor aplicación de tecnologías agroecológicas y una mayor participación en la toma de decisiones por parte de la mujer. Se concluye que el sistema agroecológico presenta mejores niveles de sustentabilidad, por tanto, un mejor desempeño socioecológico que el sistema convencional.

          Translated abstract

          The purpose of the present study is to assesment the sustainability levels of two peasant agrarian systems (conventional and agroecological) identifying the aspects (factors) that limit and enhance their sustainability. The methodological scheme used corresponded to the MESMIS and the instruments for information recollection were survey and field measurements, direct observations using field records, transects and open dialogues supported by scripts. The definition of indicators and assessment ranges were performed jointly with the peasants (men and women) through various participative methodologies. Results for the agroecological system point out a greater diversity of crops, higher percentage of crop diversity and seed self-production, higher total revenues and less seasonality of such incomes, less dependence on external inputs, higher percentage of recycling/reuse of on-farm resources/waste, greater application of own knowledge and abilities, increased application of agro-ecological technologies and greater participation in decision-making by women. It is concluded that the agroecological system has better levels of sustainability and socioecological performance than the conventional one.

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          Crop diversification as a smallholder livelihood strategy within semi-arid agricultural systems near Mount Kenya

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            Understanding the adoption of system technologies in smallholder agriculture: The system of rice intensification (SRI) in Timor Leste

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              Local knowledge about fodder plants in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil

              Background This study evaluated local knowledge of the fodder plants of the Caatinga in northeast Brazil (seasonal dry forest). Specifically, the goal was to catalog local knowledge regarding the use of native and exotic forage plants in two rural communities located in the state of Paraíba (northeast Brazil), to provide information for nutritional investigations and to verify how the knowledge of these resources is distributed. Methods The communities were followed for three consecutive years, and interviews were conducted with 44 families (20 men and 24 women). Nine of these individuals were determined by the snowball technique to be key informants who held more specific knowledge about the topic. The data were structured into a database and statistically analyzed. Results Overall, 136 plants from 37 families and 113 genera were cited, and the knowledge of men was at a higher level than that of women (p < 0.05). Participants demonstrated a sophisticated knowledge of nutritional characteristics such as nutritional value, palatability, availability and productivity. Native plants were highlighted over the exotic, especially for species of the families Cactaceae, Bromeliaceae and Fabaceae. Conclusions The great diversity of plants cited by the informants demonstrates the potential of local vegetation and the importance of traditional knowledge in the research process and in the characterization of forage resources. This diversity also favors the selection of promising species for future biotechnological investigations.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                refca
                Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo
                Rev. Fac. Cienc. Agrar., Univ. Nac. Cuyo
                Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (Mendoza, , Argentina )
                1853-8665
                1853-8665
                June 2019
                : 51
                : 1
                : 323-336
                Affiliations
                [02] Sevilla orgnameUniversidad Pablo de Olavide España
                [01] Santiago orgnameUniversidad de Santiago de Chile orgdiv1Grupo de Agroecología y Medio Ambiente - GAMA Chile
                Article
                S1853-86652019000100023
                6f7b30e4-e1ac-4bc1-80bf-d0c27f9b9e87

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 April 2019
                : 26 June 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 64, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Argentina

                Categories
                Dossier

                Agroecology,MESMIS,Family farming,Rural development,Agricultura familiar,Desarrollo rural,Agroecología

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