Heterojunction photocatalysts for degradation of the tetracycline antibiotic: a review

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Abstract

Antibiotic pollution is a major health issue inducing antibiotic resistance and the inefficiency of actual drugs, thus calling for improved methods to clean water and wastewater. Here we review the recent development of heterojunction photocatalysis and application in degrading tetracycline. We discuss mechanisms for separating photogenerated electron–hole pairs in different heterojunction systems such as traditional, p–n, direct Z-scheme, step-scheme, Schottky, and surface heterojunction. Degradation pathways of tetracycline during photocatalysis are presented. We compare the efficiency of tetracycline removal by various heterojunctions using quantum efficiency, space time yield, and figures of merit. Implications for the treatment of antibiotic-contaminated wastewater are discussed.

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Most cited references 143

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Heterojunction Photocatalysts.

Jingxiang Low, Jiaguo Yu, Mietek Jaroniec … (2017)

Semiconductor-based photocatalysis attracts wide attention because of its ability to directly utilize solar energy for production of solar fuels, such as hydrogen and hydrocarbon fuels and for degradation of various pollutants. However, the efficiency of photocatalytic reactions remains low due to the fast electron-hole recombination and low light utilization. Therefore, enormous efforts have been undertaken to solve these problems. Particularly, properly engineered heterojunction photocatalysts are shown to be able to possess higher photocatalytic activity because of spatial separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Here, the basic principles of various heterojunction photocatalysts are systematically discussed. Recent efforts toward the development of heterojunction photocatalysts for various photocatalytic applications are also presented and appraised. Finally, a brief summary and perspectives on the challenges and future directions in the area of heterojunction photocatalysts are also provided.

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Semiconductor-mediated photocatalysis has received tremendous attention as it holds great promise to address the worldwide energy and environmental issues. To overcome the serious drawbacks of fast charge recombination and the limited visible-light absorption of semiconductor photocatalysts, many strategies have been developed in the past few decades and the most widely used one is to develop photocatalytic heterojunctions. This review attempts to summarize the recent progress in the rational design and fabrication of heterojunction photocatalysts, such as the semiconductor-semiconductor heterojunction, the semiconductor-metal heterojunction, the semiconductor-carbon heterojunction and the multicomponent heterojunction. The photocatalytic properties of the four junction systems are also discussed in relation to the environmental and energy applications, such as degradation of pollutants, hydrogen generation and photocatalytic disinfection. This tutorial review ends with a summary and some perspectives on the challenges and new directions in this exciting and still emerging area of research.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Tianhan Kai: thkai1987@gmail.com

Ping Ding:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4476-8700

pingshui@csu.edu.cn

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Environ Chem Lett

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Environ Chem Lett

Title: Environmental Chemistry Letters

Publisher: Springer International Publishing (Cham )

ISSN (Print): 1610-3653

ISSN (Electronic): 1610-3661

Publication date (Electronic): 30 August 2021

Pages: 1-39

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.216417.7, ISNI 0000 0001 0379 7164, Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health, ; Changsha, 410078 Hunan China

[2 ]Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, 410078 Hunan China

Author information

Ping Ding http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4476-8700

Article

Publisher ID: 1295

DOI: 10.1007/s10311-021-01295-8

PMC ID: 8403697

PubMed ID: 34483792

SO-VID: 6e41f466-3d84-42ea-a526-bf36fdeb3609

License:

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

History

Date received : 23 March 2021

Date accepted : 28 July 2021

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: 82073607

Award Recipient : Ping Ding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004735, Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province;

Award ID: 2019JJ40399

Award Recipient : Ping Ding

Funded by: Novel coronavirus pneumonia emergency special science and technology plan of Changsha City

Award ID: (kq2001035

Award Recipient : Ping Ding

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