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      Mental health status of individuals with a mood-disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia: Initial results from the COLLATE project

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Highlights

          • •

            The mental health status of individuals with mood disorder during COVID-19 is unclear.

          • •

            Our data indicates that psychological distress in these individuals is heightened.

          • •

            The distress is linked to adverse lifestyle changes occurring in response to COVID-19.

          • •

            Current concerns relate to loved one's health, and access to appropriate medical care.

          Abstract

          Background

          Physical-distancing strategies during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic may be particularly detrimental to the mental health of individuals with a pre-existing mood disorder. Data on the mental health status of these individuals during the current pandemic is sparse, and their current mental health needs unclear.

          Method

          We characterised COVID-19 related lifestyle changes, primary concerns and psychological distress in n=1292 respondents self-reporting a mood disorder (either bipolar disorder or depressive disorder) and n=3167 respondents without any reported mental disorder from the COLLATE (COvid-19 and you: mentaL heaLth in AusTralia now survEy) project; an Australian national survey launched on April 1 st 2020.

          Results

          Psychological distress was heightened in the mood disorder group compared to the group with no mental disorder, with stress and depression further elevated in respondents with bipolar disorder compared to those with depressive disorder; and men with bipolar disorder having even higher levels of depression than women with bipolar disorder. Respondents with bipolar disorder were particularly concerned about financial issues associated with COVID-19 compared to those with depressive disorder and those with no mental disorder. Adverse changes to lifestyle behaviours were more prevalent in respondents with a mood disorder and linked to higher levels of distress.

          Limitations

          Mood disorder was self-reported and was not clinically verified.

          Conclusions

          Current psychological distress levels are elevated in individuals with mood disorder and are associated with maladaptive situational and lifestyle changes occurring in response to COVID-19.

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          Most cited references50

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          Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.

          David Watson, Lee Anna Clark, Auke Tellegen (1988)
          In recent studies of the structure of affect, positive and negative affect have consistently emerged as two dominant and relatively independent dimensions. A number of mood scales have been created to measure these factors; however, many existing measures are inadequate, showing low reliability or poor convergent or discriminant validity. To fill the need for reliable and valid Positive Affect and Negative Affect scales that are also brief and easy to administer, we developed two 10-item mood scales that comprise the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The scales are shown to be highly internally consistent, largely uncorrelated, and stable at appropriate levels over a 2-month time period. Normative data and factorial and external evidence of convergent and discriminant validity for the scales are also presented.
          Article 0 comments Cited 3323 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories

            P.F. Lovibond, S.H. Lovibond (1995)
            The psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) were evaluated in a normal sample of N = 717 who were also administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The DASS was shown to possess satisfactory psychometric properties, and the factor structure was substantiated both by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. In comparison to the BDI and BAI, the DASS scales showed greater separation in factor loadings. The DASS Anxiety scale correlated 0.81 with the BAI, and the DASS Depression scale correlated 0.74 with the BDI. Factor analyses suggested that the BDI differs from the DASS Depression scale primarily in that the BDI includes items such as weight loss, insomnia, somatic preoccupation and irritability, which fail to discriminate between depression and other affective states. The factor structure of the combined BDI and BAI items was virtually identical to that reported by Beck for a sample of diagnosed depressed and anxious patients, supporting the view that these clinical states are more severe expressions of the same states that may be discerned in normals. Implications of the results for the conceptualisation of depression, anxiety and tension/stress are considered, and the utility of the DASS scales in discriminating between these constructs is discussed.
            Article 0 comments Cited 2355 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Mood disorders in the medically ill: scientific review and recommendations.

              Dwight Evans, Dennis Charney, Lydia Lewis … (2005)
              The purpose of this review is to assess the relationship between mood disorders and development, course, and associated morbidity and mortality of selected medical illnesses, review evidence for treatment, and determine needs in clinical practice and research. Data were culled from the 2002 Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance Conference proceedings and a literature review addressing prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. This review also considered the experience of primary and specialty care providers, policy analysts, and patient advocates. The review and recommendations reflect the expert opinion of the authors. Reviews of epidemiology and mechanistic studies were included, as were open-label and randomized, controlled trials on treatment of depression in patients with medical comorbidities. Data on study design, population, and results were extracted for review of evidence that includes tables of prevalence and pharmacological treatment. The effect of depression and bipolar disorder on selected medical comorbidities was assessed, and recommendations for practice, research, and policy were developed. A growing body of evidence suggests that biological mechanisms underlie a bidirectional link between mood disorders and many medical illnesses. In addition, there is evidence to suggest that mood disorders affect the course of medical illnesses. Further prospective studies are warranted.
              Article 0 comments Cited 242 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Affect Disord
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Affect Disord
                Title: Journal of Affective Disorders
                Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
                ISSN (Print): 0165-0327
                ISSN (Electronic): 1573-2517
                Publication date PMC-release: 2 July 2020
                Publication date (Print): 1 October 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 2 July 2020
                Volume: 275
                Pages: 69-77
                Affiliations
                [a ]Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, Alan Gilbert Building, 161 Barry St, Carlton, Victory 3053, Australia
                [b ]Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victory, Australia
                [c ]Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victory, Australia
                [d ]Department of Mental Health, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victory, Australia
                [e ]Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victory, Australia
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author at: Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, Alan Gilbert Building, 161 Barry St, Carlton, Victory 3053, Australia. tamsyn.van@ 123456unimelb.edu.au
                [1]

                All these authors contributed equally to this work.

                Article
                Publisher ID: S0165-0327(20)32395-8
                DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.037
                PMC ID: 7331562
                PubMed ID: 32658826
                SO-VID: 6cf09a44-01ad-4684-833f-3dee2ad9cd76
                Copyright © © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                Date received : 18 May 2020
                Date revision received : 18 June 2020
                Date accepted : 23 June 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: bipolar disorder,major depressive disorder,exercise,sleep,alcohol use,coronavirus
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, exercise, sleep, alcohol use, coronavirus

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