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      The Silent Pandemic: The Psychological Burden on Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19

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      Author(s): ,
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Psychiatry Journal
      Publisher: Hindawi

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          Abstract

          This narrative review explores the full scope of harmful psychological effects of the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease of 2019) pandemic on FLHCWs (Frontline healthcare workers). Additionally, we highlight the risk factors for worse outcomes. A literature review identified 24 relevant papers included in this synthesis. The majority of studies reported a high number of mental health conditions in HCWs (Healthcare workers) overall. Working in the frontline setting was repeatedly identified as an independent risk factor for poorer mental health. Additional risk factors, such as gender, occupational pressure, and low level of support from hospital administration, family, and the community, were also commonly identified. In the past, defined interventions have been shown to mitigate the psychological impact of high-stress situations on frontline workers. This review is aimed at identifying individuals at higher risk to help effectively target preventative measures in future stress situations in our healthcare system.

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          Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019

          Jianbo Lai, Simeng Ma, Ying Wang … (2020)
          Key Points Question What factors are associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers in China who are treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Findings In this cross-sectional study of 1257 health care workers in 34 hospitals equipped with fever clinics or wards for patients with COVID-19 in multiple regions of China, a considerable proportion of health care workers reported experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress, especially women, nurses, those in Wuhan, and front-line health care workers directly engaged in diagnosing, treating, or providing nursing care to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Meaning These findings suggest that, among Chinese health care workers exposed to COVID-19, women, nurses, those in Wuhan, and front-line health care workers have a high risk of developing unfavorable mental health outcomes and may need psychological support or interventions.
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            The Socio-Economic Implications of the Coronavirus and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

            Maria R.C. Nicola, Zaid Alsafi, Catrin Sohrabi … (2020)
            The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 1.4 million confirmed cases and over 83,000 deaths globally. It has also sparked fears of an impending economic crisis and recession. Social distancing, self-isolation and travel restrictions forced a decrease in the workforce across all economic sectors and caused many jobs to be lost. Schools have closed down, and the need of commodities and manufactured products has decreased. In contrast, the need for medical supplies has significantly increased. The food sector has also seen a great demand due to panic-buying and stockpiling of food products. In response to this global outbreak, we summarise the socio-economic effects of COVID-19 on individual aspects of the world economy.
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              Job burnout.

              C Maslach, W B Schaufeli, M P Leiter (2001)
              Burnout is a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors on the job, and is defined by the three dimensions of exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficacy. The past 25 years of research has established the complexity of the construct, and places the individual stress experience within a larger organizational context of people's relation to their work. Recently, the work on burnout has expanded internationally and has led to new conceptual models. The focus on engagement, the positive antithesis of burnout, promises to yield new perspectives on interventions to alleviate burnout. The social focus of burnout, the solid research basis concerning the syndrome, and its specific ties to the work domain make a distinct and valuable contribution to people's health and well-being.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Luise J. Froessl:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-4278
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Psychiatry J
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Psychiatry J
                Journal ID (publisher-id): PSYCHIATRY
                Title: Psychiatry Journal
                Publisher: Hindawi
                ISSN (Print): 2314-4327
                ISSN (Electronic): 2314-4335
                Publication date Collection: 2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 September 2021
                Volume: 2021
                Electronic Location Identifier: 2906785
                Affiliations
                Pulmonary and Sleep Physicians of Houston, P.A. 501 Orchard Street, Webster, TX 77589, USA
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Lenin Pavon

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-4278
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2220-718X
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2021/2906785
                PMC ID: 8497139
                PubMed ID: 34631873
                SO-VID: 6cc6b185-52c2-4dd3-9388-6b8d565d9f28
                Copyright © Copyright © 2021 Luise J. Froessl and Yazan Abdeen.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 7 August 2021
                Date accepted : 14 September 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                Data availability:

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