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      Intraoperative measurement of acetabular component position using imageless navigation during revision total hip arthroplasty

      research-article
      , MD , , MD, , MD, , MD, , MD
      Canadian Journal of Surgery
      CMA Joule Inc.

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          Abstract

          Background:

          Acetabular component malposition is a major cause of dislocation following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Intellijoint HIP is an imageless navigation tool that has been shown to provide accurate intraoperative measurement of cup position during primary THA without substantially increasing operative time. However, its accuracy in revision THA has not been evaluated. This study therefore aims to assess the accuracy of Intellijoint HIP in measuring cup inclination and anteversion in comparison with computed tomography (CT) during revision THA.

          Methods:

          Intellijoint HIP was used to measure the position of the preexisting cup in 53 consecutive patients undergoing revision THA between December 2018 and February 2020. Two authors blinded to the intraoperative navigation measurements also independently measured cup position using preoperative CT according to Murray’s radiographic definitions. Pearson correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), paired t tests and Bland–Altman plots were used to assess agreement between navigation- and CT-measured cup position. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism, with p values less than 0.05 indicating statistical significance.

          Results:

          There was excellent agreement between navigation and CT measurements for both cup inclination ( r = 0.89, 95% CI 0.81–0.93) and anteversion ( r = 0.93, 95% CI 0.88–0.96), with the mean absolute difference being 5.2º (standard deviation [SD] 4.0º) for inclination and 4.8º (SD 5.4º) for anteversion. The navigation measurement was within 10º of the radiographic measurement in 47 of 53 (88.7%) cases for inclination and 46 of 53 (86.8%) cases for anteversion.

          Conclusion:

          Imageless navigation demonstrated excellent correlation and agreement with CT measurements for both inclination and anteversion over a wide range of acetabular component positions.

          Translated abstract

          Contexte:

          La malposition de la composante acétabulaire est une cause majeure de luxation après une intervention pour prothèse totale de la hanche (PTH). Intellijoint HIPMD est un outil de navigation sans image qui offre une mesure peropératoire précise de la cupule acétabulaire lors d’une PTH primaire, sans prolonger indument le temps opératoire. Par contre, sa précision lors d’une révision de PTH n’a pas été vérifiée. Cette étude vise donc à évaluer la capacité d’Intellijoint HIP à mesurer précisément l’inclinaison et l’antéversion de la cupule acétabulaire en comparaison avec la tomodensitométrie (TDM) lors d’une révision de PTH.

          Méthodes:

          Intellijoint HIP a été utilisé pour mesurer la position de la cupule préexistante chez 53 patients consécutifs soumis à une révision de leur PTH entre décembre 2018 et février 2020. Deux auteurs non informés des mesures peropératoires obtenues avec l’outil de navigation ont aussi mesuré de façon indépendante la position de la cupule à l’aide d’une TDM préopératoire selon les définitions radiographiques de Murray. Nous avons utilisé les coefficients de corrélation de Pearson avec des intervalles de confiance (IC) à 95 %, des tests t appariés et des graphiques Bland–Altman pour évaluer la concordance entre la position acétabulaire mesurée avec l’outil de navigation et par TDM. L’analyse statistique a été effectuée avec GraphPad Prism et les valeurs p inférieures à 0,05 indiquaient une portée statistique.

          Résultats:

          On a observé une excellente concordance entre les mesures obtenues avec l’outil de navigation et par TDM pour l’inclinaison ( r = 0,89, IC à 95 % 0,81–0,93) et l’antéversion de la cupule ( r = 0,93, IC à 95 % 0,88–0,96), l’écart absolu moyen étant de 5,2 ° (écart-type [É.-T.] 4,0 °) pour l’inclinaison et de 4,8 ° (É.-T. 5,4 °) pour l’antéversion. La mesure au moyen de l’outil de navigation s’est retrouvée à l’intérieur d’une limite de 10 ° par rapport à la mesure radiographique dans 47 cas sur 53 (88,7 %) pour l’inclinaison et 46 cas sur 53 (86,8 %) pour l’antéversion.

          Conclusion:

          La navigation sans image a donné lieu à une corrélation et une concordance excellentes avec les mesures par TDM pour l’inclinaison comme pour l’antéversion et ce, dans un vaste éventail de positions de la composante acétabulaire.

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          Most cited references25

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          User's guide to correlation coefficients

          When writing a manuscript, we often use words such as perfect, strong, good or weak to name the strength of the relationship between variables. However, it is unclear where a good relationship turns into a strong one. The same strength of r is named differently by several researchers. Therefore, there is an absolute necessity to explicitly report the strength and direction of r while reporting correlation coefficients in manuscripts. This article aims to familiarize medical readers with several different correlation coefficients reported in medical manuscripts, clarify confounding aspects and summarize the naming practices for the strength of correlation coefficients.
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            The definition and measurement of acetabular orientation.

            The orientation of an acetabulum or an acetabular prosthesis may be described by its inclination and anteversion. Orientation can be assessed anatomically, radiographically, and by direct observation at operation. The angles of inclination and anteversion determined by these three methods differ because they have different spatial arrangements. There are therefore three distinct definitions of inclination and anteversion. This paper analyses the differences between the definitions and provides nomograms to convert from one to another. It is recommended that the operative definitions be used to describe the orientation of prostheses and that the anatomical definitions be used for dysplastic acetabula.
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              • Article: not found

              The epidemiology of revision total hip arthroplasty in the United States.

              Understanding the causes of failure and the types of revision total hip arthroplasty performed is essential for guiding research, implant design, clinical decision-making, and health-care policy. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the mechanisms of failure and the types of revision total hip arthroplasty procedures performed in the United States with use of newly implemented ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification) diagnosis and procedure codes related specifically to revision total hip arthroplasty in a large, nationally representative population. The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was used to analyze clinical, demographic, and economic data from 51,345 revision total hip arthroplasty procedures performed between October 1, 2005, and December 31, 2006. The prevalence of revision procedures was calculated for population subgroups in the United States that were stratified according to age, sex, diagnosis, census region, primary payer class, and type of hospital. The cause of failure, the average length of stay, and total charges were also determined for each type of revision arthroplasty procedure. The most common type of revision total hip arthroplasty procedure performed was all-component revision (41.1%), and the most common causes of revision were instability/dislocation (22.5%), mechanical loosening (19.7%), and infection (14.8%). Revision total hip arthroplasty procedures were most commonly performed in large, urban, nonteaching hospitals for Medicare patients seventy-five to eighty-four years of age. The average length of hospital stay for all types of revision arthroplasties was 6.2 days, and the average total charges were $54,553. However, the average length of stay, average charges, and procedure frequencies varied considerably according to census region, hospital type, and type of revision total hip arthroplasty procedure performed. Hip instability and mechanical loosening are the most common indications for revision total hip arthroplasty in the United States. As further experience is gained with the new diagnosis and procedure codes specifically related to revision total hip arthroplasty, this information will be valuable in directing future research, implant design, and clinical decision-making.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Can J Surg
                Can J Surg
                Canadian Journal of Surgery
                0372715
                Canadian Journal of Surgery
                CMA Joule Inc.
                0008-428X
                1488-2310
                Jul-Aug 2021
                10 August 2021
                : 64
                : 4
                : E442-E448
                Affiliations
                From the Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: X.Y. Mei, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Ave, Rm 476A, Toronto ON M5G 1X5, xmei@ 123456qmed.ca
                Article
                064e442
                10.1503/cjs.012420
                8519496
                34388106
                6bd9ad84-66a0-467e-823f-cc6b9b61d633
                © 2021 CMA Joule Inc. or its licensors

                This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original publication is properly cited, the use is noncommercial (i.e., research or educational use), and no modifications or adaptations are made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

                History
                : 05 October 2020
                Categories
                Research

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