Parenting Stress in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study

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Abstract

To evaluate parenting stress following infants' cataract extraction surgery, and to determine if levels of stress differ between 2 treatments for unilateral congenital cataract in a randomized clinical trial.

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Most cited references 20

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Parental caregiving and child externalizing behavior in nonclinical samples: a meta-analysis.

Fred Rothbaum, John Weisz (1994)

A meta-analysis of 47 studies was used to shed light on inconsistencies in the concurrent association between parental caregiving and child externalizing behavior. Parent-child associations were strongest when the measure of caregiving relied on observations or interviews, as opposed to questionnaires, and when the measure tapped combinations of parent behaviors (patterns), as opposed to single behaviors. Stronger parent-child associations were also found for older than for younger children, and for mothers than for fathers. Finally, externalizing was more strongly linked to parental caregiving for boys than for girls, especially among preadolescents and their mothers. The meta-analysis helps account for inconsistencies in findings across previous studies and supports theories emphasizing reciprocity of parent and child behavior.

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A randomized, controlled trial of the effectiveness of an early-intervention program in reducing parenting stress after preterm birth.

John Rønning, Per Kaaresen, Stein Erik Ulvund … (2006)

Preterm birth has been associated with increased parenting stress in early infancy, and some reports have found this to be a risk factor for later behavioral problems. There are, however, few studies and conflicting results. Information about the fathers is scarce. Our goal was to study the effects of an early-intervention program on parenting stress after a preterm birth until 1 year corrected age. A randomized, controlled trial was conducted including infants with a birth weight <2000 g treated at the University Hospital of North Norway Trust, which serves the 2 northern-most counties in Norway, to examine the effects of a modified version of the Mother-Infant Transaction Program on parenting stress measured by the Parenting Stress Index. A term control group was also recruited. The Parenting Stress Index was administered to the mothers at 6 and 12 months' corrected age and to the fathers at 12 months' corrected age. The intervention consisted of 8 sessions shortly before discharge and 4 home visits by specially trained nurses focusing on the infant's unique characteristics, temperament, and developmental potential and the interaction between the infant and the parents. Seventy-one infants were included in the preterm intervention group, and 69 were included in the preterm control group. The preterm groups were well balanced. Seventy-four infants were included in the term control group. Compared with the preterm controls, both the mothers and fathers in the preterm intervention group reported significant lower scores in child domain, parent domain, and total stress on all occasions except the mother-reported child domain at 12 months. These differences were not related to birth weight or gestational age. The level of stress among the preterm intervention group was comparable to their term peers. Both parents in the intervention group reported consistently lower scores within the distractibility/hyperactivity, reinforces parents, competence, and attachment subscales compared with the preterm control group. There were no differences in mean summary stress scores between the mothers and fathers in the 2 preterm groups at 12 months, but the intraclass correlation coefficient was higher in the intervention group. This early-intervention program reduces parenting stress among both mothers and fathers of preterm infants to a level comparable to their term peers. We are now studying whether this will result in long-term beneficial effects.

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Trouble in the second year: three questions about family interaction.

Joshua Woodworth, K Crnic, J Belsky (1996)

3 questions regarding family interaction in the second year of life are addressed in this report on 69 families rearing firstborn sons. Question 1 concerns the identification, via cluster analysis, of families having difficulty managing their child, using codings of narrative records of family interaction when children were 15 and 21 months of age. Parents in families identified as "troubled" at each age tried to control their toddlers most often, were least likely to rely upon control-plus-guidance management strategies, had children who defied them most frequently, and experienced the greatest escalation of negative affect in these control encounters. Families identified as "troubled" at both 15 and 21 months had children who received the highest "externalizing" problem scores at 18 months and mothers who experienced the most daily hassles during the second year. Question 2 concerns the antecedents of "trouble in the second year." Discriminant function analyses indicated that membership in the groups of families that appeared troubled at both ages of measurement (n = 15), at only one age (n = 28), or never (n = 26) could be reliably predicted (hit rate = 71%) using a set of 9 measurements of parent personality, child emotionality/temperament, marital quality, work-family relations, and social support, suggested by Belsky's model of the determinants of parenting, and social class. Question 3 concerns the proposition that extensive nonmaternal care in the first year is a risk factor for troubled family functioning in the second year. As hypothesized, prediction analysis showed that families at moderate and high contextual risk (based on 10 antecedent variables pertaining to Question 2), were significantly more likely to experience trouble in the second year when children experienced 20 or more hours per week of nonmaternal care in their first year, and these results could not be attributed to "selection effects."

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Author and article information

Journal

Title: Journal of Pediatric Psychology

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

ISSN (Electronic): 1465-735X

ISSN (Print): 0146-8693

Publication date Created: June 2013

Publication date Created: June 01 2013

Publication date Created: March 9 2013

Publication date Other: June 2013

Publication date (Print): June 01 2013

Publication date (Electronic): March 9 2013

Volume: 38

Issue: 5

Pages: 484-493

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 2Department of Optometry, School of Optometry, University of Alabama, 3Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, 4Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, and 5For list of IATS Group members, see Lambert et al. (2010b)

Article

DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jst009

PMC ID: 3666118

PubMed ID: 23475835

SO-VID: 6b6e87bc-e6dc-4167-b501-8be896029dc1

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Parenting Stress in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study

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Most cited references 20

Parental caregiving and child externalizing behavior in nonclinical samples: a meta-analysis.

A randomized, controlled trial of the effectiveness of an early-intervention program in reducing parenting stress after preterm birth.

Trouble in the second year: three questions about family interaction.

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