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      Modelagem neural e análise estatística do processo de degradação de chorume por foto-Fenton solar Translated title: Neural modeling and statistical analysis of the degradation process of leachate by the solar photo-Fenton process

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          Abstract

          O chorume em estudo é oriundo da cidade de Cachoeira Paulista-SP, apresentando baixa biodegradabilidade, devendo ser pré-tratado por um processo oxidativo. O objetivo desse trabalho foi obter um modelo neural em conjunto com análises estatísticas que representassem a degradação do chorume in natura pelo processo foto-Fenton solar, em função da redução da demanda química de oxigênio (DQO). Redes neurais apresentam-se como uma alternativa para a modelagem de processos não-lineares como os processos oxidativos avançados, que envolvem um grande número de variáveis de controle e complexas reações envolvidas. O processo fotocatalítico foi otimizado por um planejamento fatorial fracionado (24-1) em duplicata e triplicata no ponto central, sendo as variáveis de entrada em três níveis: pH, radiação solar e concentrações de H2O2 e Fe2+. O sistema de tratamento em escala de bancada utilizou um reator batelada, com volume constante (3 L) de chorume, vazão 13 L min-1 e 2-h de reação. A otimização do processo mostrou que o efeito individual de cada variável de entrada deve operar em seu maior nível, sendo que a variável Fe2+ teve significância na forma combinada. A redução percentual de DQO do melhor experimento foi de 88,7 %, sendo esta avaliada em um custo de R$ 126,67 m-3 de chorume. O processo de degradação foi modelado via redes neurais feedforward backpropagation, com coeficientes de correlação linear para os conjuntos de treinamento, validação e teste acima de 0,9, indicando alta predição e generalização do modelo neural proposto.

          Translated abstract

          This study sought to obtain a neural model and statistical analyzes that represented the degradation of leachate in natura by the solar photo-Fenton process, according to the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD). The study used leachate from the town of Cachoeira Paulista-SP, which had low biodegradability and required pre-treatment by an oxidative process. Neural networks are presented as an alternative for the modeling of nonlinear processes such as advanced oxidation processes, which involve a large number of control variables and complex reactions. The photo-catalytic process was optimized by a fractional (24-1) factorial design in duplicate and triplicate, with the center point being the input variables at three levels: pH, solar radiation and concentrations of H2O2 and Fe2+. The treatment system used an open reactor in bench scale with a constant volume (3 L) of leachate flow of 13 L min-1 and a 2-h reaction. The optimization process showed that the individual effect of each input variable should operate at its highest level, and that the variable Fe2 + was significant for the combination. The percentage reduction of COD of the best experiment was 88.7%, which is valued at a cost of R$126.67 m-3. The degradation process was modeled via feedforward backpropagation neural networks with linear correlation coefficients for the training sets, validation and test above 0.9, indicating high prediction and generalization of the proposed neural model.

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          The use of artificial neural network (ANN) for modeling of COD removal from antibiotic aqueous solution by the Fenton process.

          The study examined the implementation of artificial neural network (ANN) for the prediction and simulation of antibiotic degradation in aqueous solution by the Fenton process. A three-layer backpropagation neural network was optimized to predict and simulate the degradation of amoxicillin, ampicillin and cloxacillin in aqueous solution in terms of COD removal. The configuration of the backpropagation neural network giving the smallest mean square error (MSE) was three-layer ANN with tangent sigmoid transfer function (tansig) at hidden layer with 14 neurons, linear transfer function (purelin) at output layer and Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation training algorithm (LMA). ANN predicted results are very close to the experimental results with correlation coefficient (R(2)) of 0.997 and MSE 0.000376. The sensitivity analysis showed that all studied variables (reaction time, H(2)O(2)/COD molar ratio, H(2)O(2)/Fe(2+) molar ratio, pH and antibiotics concentration) have strong effect on antibiotic degradation in terms of COD removal. In addition, H(2)O(2)/Fe(2+) molar ratio is the most influential parameter with relative importance of 25.8%. The results showed that neural network modeling could effectively predict and simulate the behavior of the Fenton process. 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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            Kinetic model and optimization of 2,4-D degradation by anodic Fenton treatment.

            Anodic Fenton treatment (AFT) is a new technology derived from chemical Fenton treatment. It has several advantages as compared with classic Fenton treatment and electrochemical Fenton treatment. On the basis of assumptions about a second-order reaction between pesticides and hydroxyl radicals and about AFT technology, a new kinetic model was developed to accurately describe the degradation kinetics of 2,4-D and to quantitatively investigate the effect of operating conditions. 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) was employed as a probe in this study to investigate the AFT system. It was found that an increased delivery rate of Fenton reagent increased the degradation rate of 2,4-D, but the efficiency was decreased. The effects of the H2O2:Fe2+ ratio, the temperature, the initial concentration of 2,4-D, and the presence of other organic compounds have also been investigated. Quantitative correlations have been established that allow the use of this technology as a controlled Fenton reaction to determine the reaction rate constants of other compounds with hydroxyl radicals easily and accurately.
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              Resolução n. 430, de 13 de maio de 2011. Dispõe sobre as condições e padrões de lançamento de efluentes, complementa e altera a Resolução nº 357, de 17 de março de 2005

              (2011)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ambiagua
                Revista Ambiente & Água
                Rev. Ambient. Água
                Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas (Taubaté )
                1980-993X
                March 2015
                : 10
                : 1
                : 89-106
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [4 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S1980-993X2015000100089
                10.4136/ambi-agua.1341
                6ade7694-bc11-4c4f-88a3-e6a2a9a9756c

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1980-993X&lng=en
                Categories
                ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

                Environmental engineering
                aterro sanitário,análise econômica,processo oxidativo avançado,advanced oxidation,economic analysis,landfill

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