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      Synthesis of Magnetic Biochar for Efficient Removal of Cr(III) Cations from the Aqueous Medium

      Author(s): 1 , 2
      Publication date Created:
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      Journal: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
      Publisher: Hindawi Limited

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          Abstract

          Porous biochars obtained from coniferous woods, and magnetic biochars based on them, which showed high sorption properties when extracting Cr(III) from aqueous solutions (from 0.005 to 0.0125 mol/L), were studied. The adsorption properties of the magnetic biochar are compared with the initial biochar. It has been established that the preparation of materials by the method of pyrolysis and subsequent treatment in a plasma reactor makes it possible to bring the samples under study into a number of promising adsorbents for the extraction of chromium from aqueous solutions.

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          Mechanisms of metal sorption by biochars: Biochar characteristics and modifications.

          Hongbo Li, Xiaoling Dong, Evandro da Silva … (2017)
          Biochar produced by thermal decomposition of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions has received increasing attention as a cost-effective sorbent to treat metal-contaminated waters. However, there is a lack of information on the roles of different sorption mechanisms for different metals and recent development of biochar modification to enhance metal sorption capacity, which is critical for biochar field application. This review summarizes the characteristics of biochar (e.g., surface area, porosity, pH, surface charge, functional groups, and mineral components) and main mechanisms governing sorption of As, Cr, Cd, Pb, and Hg by biochar. Biochar properties vary considerably with feedstock material and pyrolysis temperature, with high temperature producing biochars with higher surface area, porosity, pH, and mineral contents, but less functional groups. Different mechanisms dominate sorption of As (complexation and electrostatic interactions), Cr (electrostatic interactions, reduction, and complexation), Cd and Pb (complexation, cation exchange, and precipitation), and Hg (complexation and reduction). Besides sorption mechanisms, recent advance in modifying biochar by loading with minerals, reductants, organic functional groups, and nanoparticles, and activation with alkali solution to enhance metal sorption capacity is discussed. Future research needs for field application of biochar include competitive sorption mechanisms of co-existing metals, biochar reuse, and cost reduction of biochar production.
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            A review of biochar as a low-cost adsorbent for aqueous heavy metal removal

            Bin Gao, Mandu Inyang, Ying Yao … (2015)
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              Emerging desalination technologies for water treatment: a critical review.

              Joseph Jacangelo, Arun Subramani (2015)
              In this paper, a review of emerging desalination technologies is presented. Several technologies for desalination of municipal and industrial wastewater have been proposed and evaluated, but only certain technologies have been commercialized or are close to commercialization. This review consists of membrane-based, thermal-based and alternative technologies. Membranes based on incorporation of nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes or graphene-based ones show promise as innovative desalination technologies with superior performance in terms of water permeability and salt rejection. However, only nanocomposite membranes have been commercialized while others are still under fundamental developmental stages. Among the thermal-based technologies, membrane distillation and adsorption desalination show the most promise for enhanced performance with the availability of a waste heat source. Several alternative technologies have also been developed recently; those based on capacitive deionization have shown considerable improvements in their salt removal capacity and feed water recovery. In the same category, microbial desalination cells have been shown to desalinate high salinity water without any external energy source, but to date, scale up of the process has not been methodically evaluated. In this paper, advantages and drawbacks of each technology is discussed along with a comparison of performance, water quality and energy consumption.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
                Abbreviated Title: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
                Publisher: Hindawi Limited
                ISSN (Print): 1687-8434
                ISSN (Electronic): 1687-8442
                Publication date Created: April 01 2019
                Publication date (Print): April 01 2019
                Volume: 2019
                Pages: 1-7
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Inorganic Materials Technology and Ecology, University of Chemical Technology, Dnipro 49005, Ukraine
                [2 ]Department of Soil Science and Farming, Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Dnipro 49600, Ukraine
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2019/2187132
                SO-VID: 6acce587-397a-4b7f-9ffb-34f5c60fefe6
                Copyright © © 2019
                License:

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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