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      Distribución de Aedes albopictus en Ibagué: potencial riesgo de brotes de arbovirosis Translated title: Aedes albopictus distribution in Ibagué, Colombia: Potential risk of arboviral outbreaks

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          Resumen

          Introducción.

          Aedes albopictus es un vector de arbovirus como dengue, Zika, chikungunya y fiebre amarilla. Los primeros reportes en el continente americano datan de 1985 y dada su capacidad de adaptación ecológica y fisiológica, se ha distribuido rápidamente en el territorio colombiano desde su primer reporte en 1998.

          Objetivo.

          Determinar la distribución de A. albopictus en las comunas de Ibagué, Colombia.

          Materiales y métodos.

          Los muestreos se realizaron entre mayo y noviembre de 2022 en zonas con abundante vegetación de las 13 comunas de Ibagué. Se emplearon aspiradores y redes entomológicas. Los mosquitos fueron transportados al Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical de la Universidad del Tolima para su determinación taxonómica.

          Resultados.

          Se identificaron 708 ejemplares de A. albopictus, distribuidos en las comunas de Ibagué. La mayor abundancia del vector se presentó en las comunas 10, 11, 7, 8, 2 y 9. Las comunas 3, 4, 5, 6, 12 y 13 presentaron abundancias relativas cercanas al 3 %, y la comuna 1 tuvo una abundancia del 2 %.

          Conclusiones.

          Aedes albopictus está distribuido en todas las comunas de Ibagué, probablemente su dispersión se ha visto favorecida por las condiciones ambientales y sociales de esta región. Se recomienda hacer seguimiento anual a las poblaciones de este vector y realizar una caracterización molecular de los arbovirus encontrados. Además, el conocer la distribución de este mosquito en la ciudad permitirá focalizar las estrategias de control entomológico y prevenir futuros brotes de arbovirosis.

          Abstract

          Introduction.

          Aedes albopictus is a vector for arboviruses, such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. The first A. albopictus reports on the American continent date back to 1985. It has spread rapidly throughout Colombia since its first report in 1998 due to its ecological and physiological adaptation capability.

          Objective.

          To determine A. albopictus distribution in the 13 communes of Ibagué, Colombia.

          Materials and methods.

          Samples were collected between May and November 2022 in the 13 communes of Ibagué. Vacuum sampling and sweep-netting entomological nets were used in areas with abundant vegetation. The mosquitoes were transported to the Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical at the Universidad del Tolima for taxonomic determination.

          Results.

          We identified 708 A. albopictus specimens distributed throughout Ibague's 13 communes. The highest vector abundance occurred in communes 10, 11, 7, 8, 2, and 9; communes 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, and 13 had a relative abundance of around 3%, while commune 1 had 2% of relative abundance.

          Conclusions.

          Aedes albopictus is distributed throughout all the communes of Ibague. Its dispersion has probably been favored by this region's environmental and social conditions. We recommend annual monitoring of these vectors populations and molecular characterization of the found arboviruses. Ascertaining this mosquito's distribution throughout the city will enable focusing entomological control strategies and preventing future arbovirus outbreaks.

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          Most cited references68

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          Spread of the tiger: global risk of invasion by the mosquito Aedes albopictus.

          Aedes albopictus, commonly known as the Asian tiger mosquito, is currently the most invasive mosquito in the world. It is of medical importance due to its aggressive daytime human-biting behavior and ability to vector many viruses, including dengue, LaCrosse, and West Nile. Invasions into new areas of its potential range are often initiated through the transportation of eggs via the international trade in used tires. We use a genetic algorithm, Genetic Algorithm for Rule Set Production (GARP), to determine the ecological niche of Ae. albopictus and predict a global ecological risk map for the continued spread of the species. We combine this analysis with risk due to importation of tires from infested countries and their proximity to countries that have already been invaded to develop a list of countries most at risk for future introductions and establishments. Methods used here have potential for predicting risks of future invasions of vectors or pathogens.
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            Suitability of European climate for the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus: recent trends and future scenarios

            The Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) is an invasive species that has the potential to transmit infectious diseases such as dengue and chikungunya fever. Using high-resolution observations and regional climate model scenarios for the future, we investigated the suitability of Europe for A. albopictus using both recent climate and future climate conditions. The results show that southern France, northern Italy, the northern coast of Spain, the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea and western Turkey were climatically suitable areas for the establishment of the mosquito during the 1960–1980s. Over the last two decades, climate conditions have become more suitable for the mosquito over central northwestern Europe (Benelux, western Germany) and the Balkans, while they have become less suitable over southern Spain. Similar trends are likely in the future, with an increased risk simulated over northern Europe and slightly decreased risk over southern Europe. These distribution shifts are related to wetter and warmer conditions favouring the overwintering of A. albopictus in the north, and drier and warmer summers that might limit its southward expansion.
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              Global risk model for vector-borne transmission of Zika virus reveals the role of El Niño 2015.

              Zika, a mosquito-borne viral disease that emerged in South America in 2015, was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the WHO in February of 2016. We developed a climate-driven R0 mathematical model for the transmission risk of Zika virus (ZIKV) that explicitly includes two key mosquito vector species: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus The model was parameterized and calibrated using the most up to date information from the available literature. It was then driven by observed gridded temperature and rainfall datasets for the period 1950-2015. We find that the transmission risk in South America in 2015 was the highest since 1950. This maximum is related to favoring temperature conditions that caused the simulated biting rates to be largest and mosquito mortality rates and extrinsic incubation periods to be smallest in 2015. This event followed the suspected introduction of ZIKV in Brazil in 2013. The ZIKV outbreak in Latin America has very likely been fueled by the 2015-2016 El Niño climate phenomenon affecting the region. The highest transmission risk globally is in South America and tropical countries where Ae. aegypti is abundant. Transmission risk is strongly seasonal in temperate regions where Ae. albopictus is present, with significant risk of ZIKV transmission in the southeastern states of the United States, in southern China, and to a lesser extent, over southern Europe during the boreal summer season.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Biomedica
                Biomedica
                bio
                Biomédica
                Instituto Nacional de Salud
                0120-4157
                2590-7379
                01 December 2023
                December 2023
                : 43
                : 4
                : 506-519
                Affiliations
                [1 ] originalLaboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia normalizedUniversidad del Tolima orgnameUniversidad del Tolima Ibagué, Colombia
                Author notes
                [* ] Correspondencia: Daniel Alfonso Urrea, Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia Teléfonos: (+578) 277 1212, extensión 9348, y (318) 387 7384 daurrea@ 123456ut.edu.co

                Todos los autores participaron en el análisis de los resultados y en la redacción del manuscrito.

                Conflicto de intereses: Los autores declaran no tener ningún conflicto de intereses con respecto al presente trabajo.

                Article
                10.7705/biomedica.7010
                10826468
                38109139
                6ac3d639-8b8e-4cf6-8629-5d953cd74a6e

                Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons

                History
                : 03 May 2023
                : 25 September 2023
                : 28 September 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 0, Equations: 1, References: 69, Pages: 14
                Categories
                Comunicación Breve

                aedes,arbovirus,control de vectores de las enfermedades,colombia,arboviruses,vector control of diseases

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