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      The roles of social auxiliary workers in drop-in-centres: addressing the biopsychosocial needs of children living with HIV

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          Abstract

          South Africa bears the largest burden of children living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. These children battle with multiple vulnerabilities in their lives. This qualitative study explored the roles of ten purposively sampled social auxiliary workers in addressing the biopsychosocial needs of children living with HIV at drop-in centres in Sedibeng District Municipality, South Africa. The study concluded that many of the biopsychosocial needs that children living with HIV face are not being comprehensively addressed. The study proposes the capacitation of social auxiliary workers on paediatric HIV and the biopsychosocial approach as well as improved funding for drop-in centres to increase the depth of services rendered to, and address the growing needs of, children living with HIV.

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          The clinical application of the biopsychosocial model.

          G Engel (1980)
          How physicians approach patients and the problems they present is much influenced by the conceptual models around which their knowledge is organized. In this paper the implications of the biopsychosocial model for the study and care of a patient with an acute myocardial infarction are presented and contrasted with approaches used by adherents of the more traditional biomedical model. A medical rather than psychiatric patient was selected to emphasize the unity of medicine and to help define the place of psychiatrists in the education of physicians of the future.
          Article 0 comments Cited 487 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            What do we know about community-based health worker programs? A systematic review of existing reviews on community health workers

            Kerry Scott, S. Beckham, Margaret Gross … (2018)
            Objective To synthesize current understanding of how community-based health worker (CHW) programs can best be designed and operated in health systems. Methods We searched 11 databases for review articles published between 1 January 2005 and 15 June 2017. Review articles on CHWs, defined as non-professional paid or volunteer health workers based in communities, with less than 2 years of training, were included. We assessed the methodological quality of the reviews according to AMSTAR criteria, and we report our findings based on PRISMA standards. Findings We identified 122 reviews (75 systematic reviews, of which 34 are meta-analyses, and 47 non-systematic reviews). Eighty-three of the included reviews were from low- and middle-income countries, 29 were from high-income countries, and 10 were global. CHW programs included in these reviews are diverse in interventions provided, selection and training of CHWs, supervision, remuneration, and integration into the health system. Features that enable positive CHW program outcomes include community embeddedness (whereby community members have a sense of ownership of the program and positive relationships with the CHW), supportive supervision, continuous education, and adequate logistical support and supplies. Effective integration of CHW programs into health systems can bolster program sustainability and credibility, clarify CHW roles, and foster collaboration between CHWs and higher-level health system actors. We found gaps in the review evidence, including on the rights and needs of CHWs, on effective approaches to training and supervision, on CHWs as community change agents, and on the influence of health system decentralization, social accountability, and governance. Conclusion Evidence concerning CHW program effectiveness can help policymakers identify a range of options to consider. However, this evidence needs to be contextualized and adapted in different contexts to inform policy and practice. Advancing the evidence base with context-specific elements will be vital to helping these programs achieve their full potential. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12960-018-0304-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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              Perinatally acquired HIV infection in adolescents from sub-Saharan Africa: a review of emerging challenges.

              Elizabeth D Lowenthal, Sabrina Bakeera-Kitaka, Tafireyi Marukutira … (2014)
              Worldwide, more than three million children are infected with HIV, 90% of whom live in sub-Saharan Africa. As the HIV epidemic matures and antiretroviral treatment is scaled up, children with HIV are reaching adolescence in large numbers. The growing population of adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV infection living within this region presents not only unprecedented challenges but also opportunities to learn about the pathogenesis of HIV infection. In this Review, we discuss the changing epidemiology of paediatric HIV and the particular features of HIV infection in adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. Longstanding HIV infection acquired when the immune system is not developed results in distinctive chronic clinical complications that cause severe morbidity. As well as dealing with chronic illness, HIV-infected adolescents have to confront psychosocial issues, maintain adherence to drugs, and learn to negotiate sexual relationships, while undergoing rapid physical and psychological development. Context-specific strategies for early identification of HIV infection in children and prompt linkage to care need to be developed. Clinical HIV care should integrate age-appropriate sexual and reproductive health and psychological, educational, and social services. Health-care workers will need to be trained to recognise and manage the needs of these young people so that the increasing numbers of children surviving to adolescence can access quality care beyond specialist services at low-level health-care facilities. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): sw
                Title: Social Work
                Abbreviated Title: Social work (Stellenbosch. Online)
                Publisher: Department of Social Work, Stellenbosch University/ Universiteit Stellenbosch (Stellenbosch, Western Cape Province, South Africa )
                ISSN (Print): 0037-8054
                ISSN (Electronic): 2312-7198
                Publication date (Print and electronic): 2021
                Volume: 57
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 193-213
                Affiliations
                [01] Pretoria orgnameUniversity of Pretoria orgdiv1Department of Social Work and Criminology South Africa
                [02] Pretoria orgnameUniversity of Pretoria orgdiv1Department of Social Work and Criminology South Africa
                Article
                Publisher ID: S0037-80542021000200006 Publisher ID: S0037-8054(21)05700200006
                DOI: 10.15270/52-2-929
                SO-VID: 6a967821-2713-475f-9f30-a9dbd3a08d46
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 68, Pages: 21
                Product

                SciELO South Africa

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
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                Subject: Articles

                Keywords: drop-in centre,social auxiliary worker,role and competencies,HIV and AIDS,children living with HIV,biopsychosocial needs of children living with HIV
                Data availability:
                Keywords: drop-in centre, social auxiliary worker, role and competencies, HIV and AIDS, children living with HIV, biopsychosocial needs of children living with HIV

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