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      Economic value of aboveground mangrove biomass carbon storage in Sonora, Mexico Translated title: Valor económico del almacén de carbono en biomasa aérea de manglares de Sonora, México

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          Abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Mangroves provide environmental goods and services that mitigate climate change. Objective: To estimate the economic value of the carbon stock in the aboveground biomass of mangroves in Bahía del Tóbari (BT) and El Sargento in Sonora. Materials and methods: Field research were conducted in 2014 and 2015 in 16 plots (10 x 10 m). Biomass of Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn, Rhizophora mangle L. and Avicennia germinans (L.) L. was determined with specific allometric equations. Carbon stocks and avoided CO2e emissions were estimated with conversion factors 0.5 and 3.7, respectively; these data represented the 2015 baseline. The 2020 estimates included changes in mangrove cover. The economic value was determined using the marginal carbon abatement cost method. Results and discussion: The 2015 baseline indicated reserves of 52.1 MgC∙ha-1 and 191.2 tCO2e∙ha-1 for BT, and 71.7 MgC∙ha-1 and 263.2 tCO2e∙ha-1 for El Sargento. By 2020 avoided emissions of 69 368.2 tCO2e∙TA-1 (TA = 362.79 ha) were estimated for BT and 116 696 tCO2e∙TA-1 (TA = 468.32 ha) for El Sargento. Economic values of these emissions were 131 799.5 USD (World Bank) and 180 357.2 USD (voluntary carbon market) for BT and 221 722.2 USD (World Bank) and 303 409.4 USD (voluntary carbon market) for El Sargento. Conclusions: The highest estimates of C reserves and economic value were recorded at El Sargento. Compared to other studies in the region, both sites had higher avoided CO2e emissions.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Introducción: Los manglares proporcionan bienes y servicios ambientales que mitigan el cambio climático. Objetivo: Estimar el valor económico de la reserva de carbono en la biomasa aérea de los manglares de Bahía del Tóbari (BT) y El Sargento en Sonora. Materiales y métodos: Los trabajos de campo se efectuaron en 2014 y 2015 en 16 parcelas (10 x 10 m). La biomasa de Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn, Rhizophora mangle L. y Avicennia germinans (L.) L. se determinó con ecuaciones alométricas específicas. Las reservas de carbono y las emisiones de CO2e evitadas se estimaron con los factores de conversión 0.5 y 3.7, respectivamente; estos datos constituyeron la línea base 2015. Las estimaciones del 2020 incluyeron las modificaciones en la cobertura del manglar. El valor económico se determinó con el método costo marginal de reducción del carbono. Resultados y discusión: La línea base 2015 indicó reservas de 52.1 MgC∙ha-1 y 191.2 tCO2e∙ha-1 para BT, y 71.7 MgC∙ha-1 y 263.2 tCO2e∙ha-1 para El Sargento. Para 2020 se estimaron emisiones evitadas de 69 368.2 tCO2e∙AT-1 (AT = 362.79 ha) en BT y 116 696 tCO2e∙AT-1 (AT = 468.32 ha) en El Sargento. Los valores económicos de dichas emisiones fueron131 799.5 USD (Banco Mundial) y 180 357.2 USD (mercado voluntario) en BT y 221 722.2 USD (Banco Mundial) y 303 409.4 USD (mercado voluntario) en El Sargento. Conclusiones: Las mayores estimaciones de reservas de C y valor económico se registraron en El Sargento. Con respecto a otros estudios de la región, ambos sitios tuvieron emisiones evitadas de CO2e superiores.

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          Most cited references42

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          The productivity and composition of mangrove forests, Laguna de Términos, Mexico

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            Options for monitoring and estimating historical carbon emissions from forest degradation in the context of REDD+

            Measuring forest degradation and related forest carbon stock changes is more challenging than measuring deforestation since degradation implies changes in the structure of the forest and does not entail a change in land use, making it less easily detectable through remote sensing. Although we anticipate the use of the IPCC guidance under the United Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), there is no one single method for monitoring forest degradation for the case of REDD+ policy. In this review paper we highlight that the choice depends upon a number of factors including the type of degradation, available historical data, capacities and resources, and the potentials and limitations of various measurement and monitoring approaches. Current degradation rates can be measured through field data (i.e. multi-date national forest inventories and permanent sample plot data, commercial forestry data sets, proxy data from domestic markets) and/or remote sensing data (i.e. direct mapping of canopy and forest structural changes or indirect mapping through modelling approaches), with the combination of techniques providing the best options. Developing countries frequently lack consistent historical field data for assessing past forest degradation, and so must rely more on remote sensing approaches mixed with current field assessments of carbon stock changes. Historical degradation estimates will have larger uncertainties as it will be difficult to determine their accuracy. However improving monitoring capacities for systematic forest degradation estimates today will help reduce uncertainties even for historical estimates.
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              Mangrove blue carbon stocks and dynamics are controlled by hydrogeomorphic settings and land‐use change

              Abstract Globally, carbon‐rich mangrove forests are deforested and degraded due to land‐use and land‐cover change (LULCC). The impact of mangrove deforestation on carbon emissions has been reported on a global scale; however, uncertainty remains at subnational scales due to geographical variability and field data limitations. We present an assessment of blue carbon storage at five mangrove sites across West Papua Province, Indonesia, a region that supports 10% of the world's mangrove area. The sites are representative of contrasting hydrogeomorphic settings and also capture change over a 25‐years LULCC chronosequence. Field‐based assessments were conducted across 255 plots covering undisturbed and LULCC‐affected mangroves (0‐, 5‐, 10‐, 15‐ and 25‐year‐old post‐harvest or regenerating forests as well as 15‐year‐old aquaculture ponds). Undisturbed mangroves stored total ecosystem carbon stocks of 182–2,730 (mean ± SD: 1,087 ± 584) Mg C/ha, with the large variation driven by hydrogeomorphic settings. The highest carbon stocks were found in estuarine interior (EI) mangroves, followed by open coast interior, open coast fringe and EI forests. Forest harvesting did not significantly affect soil carbon stocks, despite an elevated dead wood density relative to undisturbed forests, but it did remove nearly all live biomass. Aquaculture conversion removed 60% of soil carbon stock and 85% of live biomass carbon stock, relative to reference sites. By contrast, mangroves left to regenerate for more than 25 years reached the same level of biomass carbon compared to undisturbed forests, with annual biomass accumulation rates of 3.6 ± 1.1 Mg C ha−1 year−1. This study shows that hydrogeomorphic setting controls natural dynamics of mangrove blue carbon stocks, while long‐term land‐use changes affect carbon loss and gain to a substantial degree. Therefore, current land‐based climate policies must incorporate landscape and land‐use characteristics, and their related carbon management consequences, for more effective emissions reduction targets and restoration outcomes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcscfa
                Revista Chapingo serie ciencias forestales y del ambiente
                Rev. Chapingo ser. cienc. for. ambient
                Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Coordinación de Revistas Institucionales (Chapingo, Estado de México, Mexico )
                2007-3828
                2007-4018
                December 2022
                : 28
                : 3
                : 367-384
                Affiliations
                [1] Ciudad de México orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza Mexico
                [2] Hermosillo orgnameUniversidad de Sonora Mexico
                [3] Hermosillo orgnameUniversidad de Sonora Mexico
                Article
                S2007-40182022000300367 S2007-4018(22)02800300367
                10.5154/r.rchscfa.2021.09.056
                67c2304d-1e7d-4f18-8825-ab781900944f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 September 2021
                : 07 June 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 44, Pages: 18
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Scientific articles

                Laguncularia racemosa,ecosystem services.,blue carbon,Avicennia germinans,Rhizophora mangle,servicios ecosistémicos.,carbono azul

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