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      Transition in learning during COVID‐19: Student nurse anxiety, stress, and resource support

      research-article
      , PhD, AGNP, CNE 1 , , DNP, CCRN‐K, ACNS‐BC 1 ,
      Nursing Forum
      John Wiley and Sons Inc.
      anxiety, COVID‐19, nursing students, stress, survey

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          Abstract

          The purpose of this study was to explore anxiety and stress experienced by first‐semester nursing students and identify sources of support during a transition from a face‐to‐face to an online learning platform during the first months of the COVID‐19 pandemic. This descriptive study used a web‐based survey distributed to nursing students 2 months after the completion of their first semester. The survey questions were adapted from the Anxiety Symptoms Checklist and the College Student Stress Scale. The survey link was emailed to 79 students, with 56 consenting, and 50 completing the survey. The most commonly reported symptoms were difficulty concentrating (90%) and feeling anxious or overwhelmed (84%). Most respondents reported anxiety related to the pandemic, with 84% being concerned about a friend or relative contracting COVID‐19, and with 70% fearful of becoming infected themselves. The majority of respondents expressed concerns related to difficulty handling academic workload (62%), and the need to perform well in school (56%). To decrease anxiety and stress, the faculty should foster a structured learning environment; abide by the course schedule; communicate changes or updates in a timely fashion; adapt assignments to fit the learning environment; utilize campus, local, state, and national resources; practice self‐care; and extend grace.

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          The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China

          Highlights • Methods of guiding students to effectively and appropriately regulate their emotions during public health emergencies and avoid losses caused by crisis events have become an urgent problem for colleges and universities. Therefore, we investigated and analyzed the mental health status of college students during the epidemic for the following purposes. (1) To evaluate the mental situation of college students during the epidemic; (2) to provide a theoretical basis for psychological interventions with college students; and (3) to provide a basis for the promulgation of national and governmental policies.
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            Anxiety and coping strategies among nursing students during the covid-19 pandemic

            Anxiety is highly prevalent among nursing students even in normal circumstances. In Israel during the covid-19 pandemic and mandatory lockdown, nursing students encountered a new reality of economic uncertainty, fear of infection, challenges of distance education, lack of personal protection equipment (PPE) at work etc. The objective of this study was to assess levels of anxiety and ways of coping among nursing students in the Ashkelon Academic College, Southern District, Israel. A cross-sectional study was conducted among all 244 students in the nursing department during the third week of a national lockdown. Anxiety level was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale with a cut-off point of 10 for moderate and of 15 for severe anxiety. Factor analysis was used to identify coping components. The prevalence of moderate and severe anxiety was 42.8% and 18.1% respectively. Gender, lack of PPE, parental status, and fear of infection were significantly associated with a higher anxiety score. Stronger self-esteem and usage of humor were associated with significantly lower anxiety levels, while mental disengagement with higher anxiety levels. The nursing department's staff may contribute in lowering student anxiety by staying in contact with students and encouraging and supporting them through this challenging period.
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              The Psychological Impacts of a COVID-19 Outbreak on College Students in China: A Longitudinal Study

              An outbreak in Wuhan, China in late 2019 of a highly infectious new coronary pneumonia (COVID-19) led to the imposition of countrywide confinement measures from January to March 2020. This is a longitudinal study on changes in the mental health status of a college population before and after their COVID-19 confinement for the first two weeks, focusing on states of psychological distress, depression, anxiety and affectivity. The influence of possible stressors on their mental health were investigated, including inadequate supplies and fears of infection. Five hundred and fifty-five undergraduate students were recruited from Hebei Agricultural University in Baoding, China. The participants completed two online surveys—on anxiety and depression, and on positive and negative affect. One survey was conducted before the confinement and the other was conducted 15–17 days after the start of the confinement. Increases in negative affect and symptoms of anxiety and depression (p-values < 0.001) were observed after 2 weeks of confinement. Inadequate supplies of hand sanitizers, a higher year of study, and higher scores on anxiety and depression were common predictors of increased negative affect, anxiety, and depression across the confinement period. The results suggest that healthcare policymakers should carefully consider the appropriate confinement duration, and ensure adequate supplies of basic infection-control materials.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Sharon.konrad@csulb.edu
                Journal
                Nurs Forum
                Nurs Forum
                10.1111/(ISSN)1744-6198
                NUF
                Nursing Forum
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                0029-6473
                1744-6198
                23 January 2021
                : 10.1111/nuf.12547
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] School of Nursing CSU Long Beach Long Beach California USA
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence Sharon Konrad, DNP, CCRN‐K, ACNS‐BC, School of Nursing, CSU Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA.

                Email: Sharon.konrad@ 123456csulb.edu

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2057-6643
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8971-4867
                Article
                NUF12547
                10.1111/nuf.12547
                8014789
                33484171
                670014bc-d01b-4b84-abf5-10d1fe8d6084
                © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC

                This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency.

                History
                : 23 December 2020
                : 10 October 2020
                : 28 December 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 2, Pages: 7, Words: 4356
                Categories
                Research Manuscript
                Research Manuscripts
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                corrected-proof
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.0.1 mode:remove_FC converted:01.04.2021

                anxiety,covid‐19,nursing students,stress,survey
                anxiety, covid‐19, nursing students, stress, survey

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