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      Alexithymia, Suicidal Ideation, and Self-Esteem As Psychological Factors Affecting Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Under Haemodialysis: A Contextual Review

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      Author(s): 1 , , 2
      Editor(s): ,
      Publication date (Electronic, pub):
      Publication date (Electronic, collection):
      Journal: Cureus
      Publisher: Cureus
      Keywords: self-esteem, suicide risk, depression in chronic illness, emotional factors, suicide ideation, socioeconomic impact, alexithymia, psychological effects, dialysis challenges, chronic kidney disease

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          Abstract

          Chronic kidney disease is a universal topic gravitating towards various aspects of widespread illness, impacting the overall well-being of human beings. Patients with longstanding renal complaints under dialysis encounter challenges correlated with physical, intuitive, and socio-economic conditions to a greater extent in their daily existence. These portions may include changes in the appearance of a person, restricted physique movements, curbed diet, duration of surgical protocols, travelling time during the period of prevention, financial load, role reversal in the family followed by ruining their livelihood, deprived social rank, difficulty in relational, cordial relationships, and so on. Excluding these details, the sick may be profoundly influenced by sorrow, health anxiety, despair, itching, the impoverished essence of vitality, dysfunction in sexual intimacy, impaired cognition, disturbances in disposition, sleeping fluctuations, frequent panic attacks, delirium, brain-afflicted degeneration disabilities, etcetera. Our analysis focuses on exploring a few unidentified intrinsic factors that distinguish these views over combined elements due to the existing disorder.

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          Suicide, Suicide Attempts, and Suicidal Ideation

          E Klonsky, Alexis May, Boaz Y. Saffer (2016)
          Suicidal behavior is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Fortunately, recent developments in suicide theory and research promise to meaningfully advance knowledge and prevention. One key development is the ideation-to-action framework, which stipulates that (a) the development of suicidal ideation and (b) the progression from ideation to suicide attempts are distinct phenomena with distinct explanations and predictors. A second key development is a growing body of research distinguishing factors that predict ideation from those that predict suicide attempts. For example, it is becoming clear that depression, hopelessness, most mental disorders, and even impulsivity predict ideation, but these factors struggle to distinguish those who have attempted suicide from those who have only considered suicide. Means restriction is also emerging as a highly effective way to block progression from ideation to attempt. A third key development is the proliferation of theories of suicide that are positioned within the ideation-to-action framework. These include the interpersonal theory, the integrated motivational-volitional model, and the three-step theory. These perspectives can and should inform the next generation of suicide research and prevention.
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            Chronic kidney disease

            Giuseppe Remuzzi, Richard Glassock, Adeera Levin … (2017)
            Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by persistent urine abnormalities, structural abnormalities or impaired excretory renal function suggestive of a loss of functional nephrons. The majority of patients with CKD are at risk of accelerated cardiovascular disease and death. For those who progress to end-stage renal disease, the limited accessibility to renal replacement therapy is a problem in many parts of the world. Risk factors for the development and progression of CKD include low nephron number at birth, nephron loss due to increasing age and acute or chronic kidney injuries caused by toxic exposures or diseases (for example, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus). The management of patients with CKD is focused on early detection or prevention, treatment of the underlying cause (if possible) to curb progression and attention to secondary processes that contribute to ongoing nephron loss. Blood pressure control, inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system and disease-specific interventions are the cornerstones of therapy. CKD complications such as anaemia, metabolic acidosis and secondary hyperparathyroidism affect cardiovascular health and quality of life, and require diagnosis and treatment.
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              The integrated motivational–volitional model of suicidal behaviour

              Rory C O'Connor, Olivia Kirtley (2018)
              Suicide is a major public health concern accounting for 800 000 deaths globally each year. Although there have been many advances in understanding suicide risk in recent decades, our ability to predict suicide is no better now than it was 50 years ago. There are many potential explanations for this lack of progress, but the absence, until recently, of comprehensive theoretical models that predict the emergence of suicidal ideation distinct from the transition between suicidal ideation and suicide attempts/suicide is key to this lack of progress. The current article presents the integrated motivational–volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behaviour, one such theoretical model. We propose that defeat and entrapment drive the emergence of suicidal ideation and that a group of factors, entitled volitional moderators (VMs), govern the transition from suicidal ideation to suicidal behaviour. According to the IMV model, VMs include access to the means of suicide, exposure to suicidal behaviour, capability for suicide (fearlessness about death and increased physical pain tolerance), planning, impulsivity, mental imagery and past suicidal behaviour. In this article, we describe the theoretical origins of the IMV model, the key premises underpinning the model, empirical tests of the model and future research directions. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolutionary thanatology: impacts of the dead on the living in humans and other animals'.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cureus
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cureus
                Journal ID (issn): 2168-8184
                Title: Cureus
                Publisher: Cureus (Palo Alto (CA) )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2168-8184
                Publication date (Electronic, pub): 17 February 2024
                Publication date (Electronic, collection): February 2024
                Volume: 16
                Issue: 2
                Electronic Location Identifier: e54383
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Clinical Psychology, Saveetha College of Allied Health Sciences, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
                [2 ] Renal Science and Dialysis Technology, Saveetha College of Allied Health Sciences, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
                Author notes
                Article
                DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54383
                PMC ID: 10874471
                PubMed ID: 38371441
                SO-VID: 66cc69c8-3e92-4802-a43a-92167807cb91
                Copyright © Copyright © 2024, Ramya et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date accepted : 15 February 2024
                Categories
                Subject: Psychology
                Subject: Nephrology

                Keywords: self-esteem,suicide risk,depression in chronic illness,emotional factors,suicide ideation,socioeconomic impact,alexithymia,psychological effects,dialysis challenges,chronic kidney disease
                Data availability:
                Keywords: self-esteem, suicide risk, depression in chronic illness, emotional factors, suicide ideation, socioeconomic impact, alexithymia, psychological effects, dialysis challenges, chronic kidney disease

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