Advances in spray products for skin regeneration

Abstract

To date, skin wounds are still an issue for healthcare professionals. Although numerous approaches have been developed over the years for skin regeneration, recent advances in regenerative medicine offer very promising strategies for the fabrication of artificial skin substitutes, including 3D bioprinting, electrospinning or spraying, among others. In particular, skin sprays are an innovative technique still under clinical evaluation that show great potential for the delivery of cells and hydrogels to treat acute and chronic wounds. Skin sprays present significant advantages compared to conventional treatments for wound healing, such as the facility of application, the possibility to treat large wound areas, or the homogeneous distribution of the sprayed material. In this article, we review the latest advances in this technology, giving a detailed description of investigational and currently commercially available acellular and cellular skin spray products, used for a variety of diseases and applying different experimental materials. Moreover, as skin sprays products are subjected to different classifications, we also explain the regulatory pathways for their commercialization and include the main clinical trials for different skin diseases and their treatment conditions. Finally, we argue and suggest possible future trends for the biotechnology of skin sprays for a better use in clinical dermatology.

Graphical abstract

Highlights

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  Skin sprays represent a promising technique for wound healing applications.

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  Skin sprays can deliver cells and hydrogels with great facility over large wounds.

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  Many skin spray products have been studied, only a few have been commercialized.

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  Numerous clinical trials study spray products for skin diseases like psoriasis.

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  Improved spraying devices should be developed for different materials and cells.