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      A 2-pyridone modified zinc phthalocyanine with three-in-one multiple functions for photodynamic therapy

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          Abstract

          A 2-pyridone modified zinc phthalocyanine (denoted ZnPc-PYR) achieves a one stone for three birds outcome in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatment of cancer.

          Abstract

          A 2-pyridone modified zinc phthalocyanine (denoted ZnPc-PYR) achieves a one stone for three birds outcome in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatment of cancer. ZnPc-PYR can be excited by both 665 and 808 nm light to treat superficial and deep tumors, store and slowly release singlet oxygen ( 1O 2) to improve its utilization and downregulate the HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor 1) expression level to enhance the tumor cell's sensitivity to PDT treatment under hypoxic conditions.

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          Most cited references28

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          Photodynamic therapy for cancer.

          The therapeutic properties of light have been known for thousands of years, but it was only in the last century that photodynamic therapy (PDT) was developed. At present, PDT is being tested in the clinic for use in oncology--to treat cancers of the head and neck, brain, lung, pancreas, intraperitoneal cavity, breast, prostate and skin. How does PDT work, and how can it be used to treat cancer and other diseases?
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            Reactive oxygen species generating systems meeting challenges of photodynamic cancer therapy.

            The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated mechanism is the major cause underlying the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). The PDT procedure is based on the cascade of synergistic effects between light, a photosensitizer (PS) and oxygen, which greatly favors the spatiotemporal control of the treatment. This procedure has also evoked several unresolved challenges at different levels including (i) the limited penetration depth of light, which restricts traditional PDT to superficial tumours; (ii) oxygen reliance does not allow PDT treatment of hypoxic tumours; (iii) light can complicate the phototherapeutic outcomes because of the concurrent heat generation; (iv) specific delivery of PSs to sub-cellular organelles for exerting effective toxicity remains an issue; and (v) side effects from undesirable white-light activation and self-catalysation of traditional PSs. Recent advances in nanotechnology and nanomedicine have provided new opportunities to develop ROS-generating systems through photodynamic or non-photodynamic procedures while tackling the challenges of the current PDT approaches. In this review, we summarize the current status and discuss the possible opportunities for ROS generation for cancer therapy. We hope this review will spur pre-clinical research and clinical practice for ROS-mediated tumour treatments.
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              Innovative Strategies for Hypoxic-Tumor Photodynamic Therapy

              Despite its clinical promise, photodynamic therapy (PDT) suffers from a key drawback associated with its oxygen-dependent nature, which limits its effective use against hypoxic tumors. Moreover, both PDT-mediated oxygen consumption and microvascular damage further increase tumor hypoxia and, thus, impede therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, numerous investigations have focused on strategies for overcoming this drawback of PDT. These efforts, which are summarized in this review, have produced many innovative methods to avoid the limits of PDT associated with hypoxia.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                CHCOFS
                Chemical Communications
                Chem. Commun.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                1359-7345
                1364-548X
                March 25 2021
                2021
                : 57
                : 25
                : 3127-3130
                Affiliations
                [1 ]College of Chemistry and Materials Science
                [2 ]Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
                [3 ]Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials
                [4 ]Key Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry
                [5 ]Nanjing Normal University
                Article
                10.1039/D1CC00645B
                62b7f347-de83-4c36-b34e-25e1bfdb7169
                © 2021

                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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