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      Cargoes of exosomes function as potential biomarkers for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

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          Abstract

          Exosomes as double-membrane vesicles contain various contents of lipids, proteins, mRNAs and non-coding RNAs, and involve in multiple physiological processes, for instance intercellular communication and immunomodulation. Currently, numerous studies found that the components of exosomal proteins, nucleic acids or lipids released from host cells are altered following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Exosomal contents provide excellent biomarkers for the auxiliary diagnosis, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis of tuberculosis. This study aimed to review the current literatures detailing the functions of exosomes in the procedure of M. tuberculosis infection, and determine the potential values of exosomes as biomarkers to assist in the diagnosis and monitoring of tuberculosis.

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          Most cited references116

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          The biology, function, and biomedical applications of exosomes

          Raghu Kalluri, Valerie LeBleu (2020)
          The study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has the potential to identify unknown cellular and molecular mechanisms in intercellular communication and in organ homeostasis and disease. Exosomes, with an average diameter of ~100 nanometers, are a subset of EVs. The biogenesis of exosomes involves their origin in endosomes, and subsequent interactions with other intracellular vesicles and organelles generate the final content of the exosomes. Their diverse constituents include nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, amino acids, and metabolites, which can reflect their cell of origin. In various diseases, exosomes offer a window into altered cellular or tissue states, and their detection in biological fluids potentially offers a multicomponent diagnostic readout. The efficient exchange of cellular components through exosomes can inform their applied use in designing exosome-based therapeutics.
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            Circular RNA is enriched and stable in exosomes: a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis.

            Yan-Yan Li, Qiupeng Zheng, Chunyang Bao … (2015)
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              Past, present, and future of circ RNA s

              Inés Patop, Stas Wüst, Sebastian Kadener (2019)
              Exonic circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed RNA molecules generated by a process named back-splicing. circRNAs are highly abundant in eukaryotes, and many of them are evolutionary conserved. In metazoans, circular RNAs are expressed in a tissue-specific manner, are highly stable, and accumulate with age in neural tissues. circRNA biogenesis can regulate the production of the linear RNA counterpart in cis as back-splicing competes with linear splicing. Recent reports also demonstrate functions for some circRNAs in trans: Certain circRNAs interact with microRNAs, some are translated, and circRNAs have been shown to regulate immune responses and behavior. Here, we review current knowledge about animal circRNAs and summarize new insights into potential circRNA functions, concepts of their origin, and possible future directions in the field.
              Article 0 comments Cited 449 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Nan Wang: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2147509Role: Role:
                Yongliang Yao: Role: Role: Role:
                Yingfen Qian: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Dewen Qiu: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2377619Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Hui Cao: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Huayuan Xiang: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Jianjun Wang: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/558909Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Immunol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Immunol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Immunol.
                Title: Frontiers in Immunology
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 1664-3224
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 October 2023
                Publication date Collection: 2023
                Volume: 14
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1254347
                Affiliations
                [1] 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University , Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
                [2] 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Fourth People’s Hospital , Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
                [3] 3 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Maternal and Child Heath Hospital of Nanchang College , Nanchang, China
                [4] 4 Department of Food and Nutrition Safety, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Zhidong Hu, Fudan University, China

                Reviewed by: Hanwei Cui, Shenzhen Samii Medical Center, China; Ping Xu, Fifth People’s Hospital of Suzhou, China; Dharmendra Kumar Soni, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, United States

                *Correspondence: Jianjun Wang, wangjianjun0520@ 123456163.com

                †These authors have contributed equally to this work

                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254347
                PMC ID: 10622749
                PubMed ID: 37928531
                SO-VID: 62415bcf-7757-4be0-b802-6df60cd80b35
                Copyright © Copyright © 2023 Wang, Yao, Qian, Qiu, Cao, Xiang and Wang
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 07 July 2023
                Date accepted : 02 October 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 116, Pages: 13, Words: 6306
                Funding
                This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 82002111) and the Suzhou Science and Technology Development Plan Project (grant no. SKY2022078).
                Categories
                Subject: Immunology
                Subject: Review
                Custom metadata
                section-in-acceptance Microbial Immunology

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Immunology
                Keywords: exosomes,mycobacterium tuberculosis,biomarkers,diagnosis,tuberculosis
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Immunology
                Keywords: exosomes, mycobacterium tuberculosis, biomarkers, diagnosis, tuberculosis

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