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      The Role of Psychological First Aid to Support Public Mental Health in the COVID-19 Pandemic

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          Abstract

          Psychological first aid (PFA) is one of the vital tools in delivering psychological interventions to those who have undergone or experienced traumatic events. Traumatic experiences during calamities, outbreaks of infections, and war can induce a significant amount of stress in the absence of early and effective intervention provided by trained caregivers. The coronavirus pandemic has caused significant levels of fear as governments impose quarantine and lockdown to contain the infection. Countries around the globe have halted several social and economic operations to curb the spread of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). However, panic, helplessness, and horror aided by the infection due to the lack of a definitive cure has exposed the population to significant mental distress, thus warranting psychological intervention.

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          Public Mental Health Crisis during COVID-19 Pandemic, China

          Lu Dong, Jennifer Bouey (2020)
          The 2019 novel coronavirus disease emerged in China in late 2019–early 2020 and spread rapidly. China has been implementing emergency psychological crisis interventions to reduce the negative psychosocial impact on public mental health, but challenges exist. Public mental health interventions should be formally integrated into public health preparedness and emergency response plans.
          Article 0 comments Cited 251 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Focus on Mental Health During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: Applying Learnings from the Past Outbreaks

            Kaushal Shah, Dhwani Kamrai, Hema Madhuri Mekala … (2020)
            The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has gained global attention after it originated from China at the end of 2019, and later turned into pandemic as it affected about 118,000 in 114 countries by March 11, 2020. By March 13, 2020, it was declared a national emergency in the United States as the number of COVID-19 cases, and the death toll rose exponentially. To contain the spread of the disease, the world scientist community came together. However, the unpreparedness of the nations, even with the advanced medical sciences and resources, has failed to address the mental health aspect amongst the public, as all efforts are focused on understanding the epidemiology, clinical features, transmission patterns, and management of COVID-19 pneumonia. Our efforts in this review are to evaluate and study similar outbreaks from the past to understand its adverse impact on mental health, implement adequate steps to tackle and provide a background to physicians and healthcare workers at the time of such outbreaks to apply psychological first aid.
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              How Essential Is to Focus on Physician's Health and Burnout in Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic?

              Kaushal Shah, Gaurav Chaudhari, Dhwani Kamrai … (2020)
              An infection of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) that originated from Wuhan city of China in December 2019 converted rapidly into pandemic by March 11, 2020. To date, the number of confirmed cases and deaths has risen exponentially in more than 200 countries, with an estimated crude mortality ratio of at least over 2%. The unpreparedness to tackle the unprecedented situation of coronavirus has contributed to the rising number of cases, which has generated an immense sense of fear and anxiety amongst the public. It has further resulted in the inadequacy and unavailability of essential medical supplies, physicians, and healthcare workers (HCW). Although the chief focus is on minimizing transmission through prevention, combating infection, and saving lives by ramping up the development of treatment and vaccines, very little attention is on the critical issue of physician burnout, resident burnout, and the psychological well-being of HCW. Until now, no significant steps have been taken by the authorities to minimize the COVID-19 specific contributing factors for burnout. The COVID-19 has posed strain on the entire healthcare system already, and it is vital to remediate the issue of physician and resident burnout urgently with concrete actions to avoid subsequent potential short-term and long-term adverse implications.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cureus
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cureus
                Journal ID (issn): 2168-8184
                Title: Cureus
                Publisher: Cureus (Palo Alto (CA) )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2168-8184
                Publication date (Electronic, pub): 25 June 2020
                Publication date (Electronic, collection): June 2020
                Volume: 12
                Issue: 6
                Electronic Location Identifier: e8821
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Psychiatry, Griffin Memorial Hospital, Norman, USA
                [2 ] Psychiatry, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
                [3 ] Internal Medicine, Metropolitan Hospital, Jaipur, IND
                [4 ] Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
                Author notes
                Article
                DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8821
                PMC ID: 7384717
                PubMed ID: 32742836
                SO-VID: 612f6c40-a7e9-40dd-b222-9fdc29a73161
                Copyright © Copyright © 2020, Shah et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 13 June 2020
                Date accepted : 25 June 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Psychiatry
                Subject: Psychology
                Subject: Public Health

                Keywords: psychological first aid,coronavirus,mental health,pfa,pfa training,pfa models,covid-19,telepsychiatry,pfa efficacy,rapid
                Data availability:
                Keywords: psychological first aid, coronavirus, mental health, pfa, pfa training, pfa models, covid-19, telepsychiatry, pfa efficacy, rapid

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