Performance of Mini Parasep <sup>®</sup> SF stool concentrator kit, Kato-Katz, and formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for diagnosis of opisthorchiasis in Northeast Thailand

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Abstract

Background

Control and elimination of the liver fluke ( Opisthorchis viverrini) is a primary preventive strategy against cholangiocarcinoma in Southeast Asia. A sensitive parasitological diagnostic method is required to facilitate a surveillance and control program. In this study, we evaluated the performance of Mini Parasep ^® SF stool concentrator kit (stool kit) compared with Kato-Katz (KK) and the quantitative formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique (FECT) for detection of O. viverrini and co-endemic parasitic infections.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey for parasitic infection in residents aged > 15 years in a community in Kalasin province, Northeast Thailand, was conducted in 2018. Fecal samples were collected and screened by KK method, and a subset of samples was further examined by the stool kit and FECT methods. The results were analyzed for prevalence of parasitic infections in addition to the diagnostic performance of the methods for qualitative and quantitative detection of helminthiases.

Results

The initial survey of parasitic infection determined by the KK method ( n = 567) showed the prevalence of O. viverrini was 32.63%, followed by Taenia 2.65%, echinostomes 1.76%, hookworms 1.41%, Trichuris trichiura 0.53% and Strongyloides stercoralis 0.53%. Within a subset of samples tested with multiple diagnostics ( n = 150), the detection rates of O. viverrini by the stool kit, FECT and KK methods were 27.3%, 30.7% and 28.7%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity for opisthorchiasis was similar for FECT (75.5%), KK(66.0%) and the stool kit (67.3%). For other parasitic infections, FECT and stool kit methods performed better than KK, particularly in detecting minute intestinal flukes (MIF), S. stercoralis and coinfections. When measuring the intensity of O. viverrini infection (fecal egg counts), the stool kit results showed a significant positive correlation with KK and FECT ( P < 0.05).

Conclusions

As the stool kit is simple to use and shows a comparable performance to FECT, it may serve as an alternative method of fecal examination for screening of helminthiasis including opisthorchiasis.

Graphical abstract

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05338-z.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Kulthida Y. Kopolrat:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-6554

kulthida.y@ku.th

Seri Singthong: seri_si@hotmail.com

Narong Khuntikeo: nkhuntikeo@gmail.com

Watcharin Loilome: watclo@kku.ac.th

Chanika Worasith: chanika.w@kkumail.com

Chutima Homwong: jiffy2731@gmail.com

Chompunoot Wangboon: chompunoot.wang@sut.ac.th

Patiwat Yasaka: patiwat.ya@rmuti.ac.th

Chatanun Eamudomkarn: chatea@kku.ac.th

Opal Pitaksakulrat: opalpi@kku.ac.th

Krisnakorn Tonkhamhak: kriston@kkumail.com

Arunee Paeyo: arunee_aeww@hotmail.com

Thomas Crellen:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2934-1063

thomas.crellen@glasgow.ac.uk

Jiraporn Sithithaworn: jirapornsith@gmail.com

Paiboon Sithithaworn: paib_sit@kku.ac.th

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Parasit Vectors

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Parasit Vectors

Title: Parasites & Vectors

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1756-3305

Publication date (Electronic): 27 June 2022

Publication date PMC-release: 27 June 2022

Publication date Collection: 2022

Volume: 15

Electronic Location Identifier: 234

Affiliations

[1 ]Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand

[2 ]GRID grid.9786.0, ISNI 0000 0004 0470 0856, Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute and Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, , Khon Kaen University, ; Khon Kaen, Thailand

[3 ]GRID grid.415836.d, ISNI 0000 0004 0576 2573, The Office of Disease Prevention and Control 7 Khon Kaen, Department of Disease Control, , Ministry of Public Health, ; Khon Kaen, Thailand

[4 ]GRID grid.9786.0, ISNI 0000 0004 0470 0856, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, , Khon Kaen University, ; Khon Kaen, Thailand

[5 ]GRID grid.9786.0, ISNI 0000 0004 0470 0856, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, , Khon Kaen University, ; Khon Kaen, Thailand

[6 ]GRID grid.9786.0, ISNI 0000 0004 0470 0856, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, , Khon Kaen University, ; Khon Kaen, Thailand

[7 ]GRID grid.6357.7, ISNI 0000 0001 0739 3220, School of Pre Clinic, Institute of Science, , Suranaree University of Technology, ; Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

[8 ]GRID grid.443999.a, ISNI 0000 0004 0504 2111, Faculty of Management Technology, , Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin Campus, ; Surin, Thailand

[9 ]GRID grid.8756.c, ISNI 0000 0001 2193 314X, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, , University of Glasgow, ; Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK

[10 ]GRID grid.4991.5, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8948, Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, , University of Oxford, ; Oxford, OX3 7LF UK

[11 ]GRID grid.9786.0, ISNI 0000 0004 0470 0856, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, , Khon Kaen University, ; Khon Kaen, Thailand

Author information

Kulthida Y. Kopolrat http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-6554

Thomas Crellen http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2934-1063

Article

Publisher ID: 5338

DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05338-z

PMC ID: 9235228

PubMed ID: 35761311

SO-VID: 5fdba854-84a8-48b8-8e89-787d71d04588

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 1 February 2022

Date accepted : 24 May 2022

Funding

Funded by: National Research Council of Thailand

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004440, Wellcome Trust;

Award ID: 215919/Z/19/Z

Award Recipient : Thomas Crellen

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology

Keywords: mini parasep® sf stool concentrator kit,kato-katz,formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique,diagnostic performance,opisthorchiasis,helminthiasis,opisthorchis viverrini

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology

Keywords: mini parasep® sf stool concentrator kit, kato-katz, formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique, diagnostic performance, opisthorchiasis, helminthiasis, opisthorchis viverrini