SARS-CoV-2 transmission in kindergarten to grade 12 schools in the Vancouver Coastal Health region: a descriptive epidemiologic study

Abstract

Background:

There is an urgent need to assess the role of schools in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Canada to inform public health measures. We describe the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection among students and staff in the Vancouver Coastal Health (VCH) region in the first 3 months of the 2020/2021 academic year, and examine the extent of transmission in schools.

Methods:

This descriptive epidemiologic study using contact tracing data included individuals aged 5 years and older with SARS-CoV-2 infection, reported between Sept. 10 and Dec. 18, 2020, who worked in or attended kindergarten to grade 12 (K–12) schools in person in the VCH region. We described case and cluster characteristics and reported the number of school-based transmissions.

Results:

During the study period, 699 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported (55 cases per 10 000 VCH school population). Among cases in VCH resident staff and students, 52.5% (354/674) were linked to a household case or cluster; less than 1.5% (< 10) of infected individuals were hospitalized and none died. Out of 699 cases present at school, 26 clusters with school-based transmission resulted in 55 secondary cases. Staff members accounted for 53.8% of index cases (14/26) while making up 14.3% of the school population (17 742/123 647). Among clusters, 88.5% (23) had fewer than 4 secondary cases.

Interpretation:

In our population during the study period, there were no deaths and severe disease was rare; furthermore, school-based SARS-CoV-2 transmissions were uncommon and clusters were small. Our results, which relate primarily to symptomatic disease, support the growing body of evidence that schools likely did not play a major role in SARS-CoV-2 spread in 2020.