Use of PRP, PRF and CGF in Periodontal Regeneration and Facial Rejuvenation—A Narrative Review

Abstract

Simple Summary

Growth factors play a vital role in cell proliferation, migration, differentiation and angiogenesis. Autologous platelet concentrates which contain high levels of growth factors are used in many fields of dentistry. The current review is designed to provide clinical information regarding the use of three autologous platelet concentrates techniques in periodontal regeneration and facial rejuvenation: platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin and concentrated growth factor techniques. The aim is to provide the clinician with an up-to-date overview of autologous platelet concentrates evolution over the past decade, clinical indications for use and advantages and limitations of each technique. This article was written in clinical orientation and is designed to provide clinicians with reliable and useful information applicable to their clinical work. Overall, platelet-rich plasma is mainly used in cases of hard and soft tissue procedures, while platelet-rich fibrin is used in gingival recession and treatment of furcation and intrabony defects; concentrated growth factor is mainly used in bone regeneration. In the field of facial rejuvenation, the use of platelet-rich plasma promotes tissue remodeling in aged skin and may be used as an adjuvant treatment to lasers; platelet-rich fibrin holds significant potential for stimulated dermal augmentation, and concentrated growth factor treatment could improve the survival and quality of fat grafts.

Abstract

Growth factors (GFs) play a vital role in cell proliferation, migration, differentiation and angiogenesis. Autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) which contain high levels of GFs make them especially suitable for periodontal regeneration and facial rejuvenation. The main generations of APCs presented are platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and concentrated growth factor (CGF) techniques. The purpose of this review is to provide the clinician with an overview of APCs’ evolution over the past decade in order to give reliable and useful information to be used in clinical work. This review summarizes the most interesting and novel articles published between 1997 and 2020. Electronic and manual searches were conducted in the following databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Embase. The following keywords were used: growth factors, VEGF, TGF-b1, PRP, PRF, CGF and periodontal regeneration and/or facial rejuvenation. A total of 73 articles were finally included. The review then addresses the uses of the three different techniques in the two disciplines, as well as the advantages and limitations of each technique. Overall, PRP is mainly used in cases of hard and soft tissue procedures, while PRF is used in gingival recession and the treatment of furcation and intrabony defects; CGF is mainly used in bone regeneration.