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      Composição químico-bromatológica da forragem durante o período de ocupação em pastagens de capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) e capim-mombaça (Panicum maximum, Jacq) sob manejo rotacionado Translated title: Forage composition during the occupation period in elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) and mombaça grass (Panicum maximum, Jacq) pastures under rotational system

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          Abstract

          Os valores nutritivos do capim-elefante e do mombaça foram avaliados por intermédio de amostras de extrusa esofágica, determinando-se a composição químico-bromatológica, o fracionamento dos compostos nitrogenados e carboidratos, e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca. Foram utilizados 15 e 13 piquetes de capim-elefante e capim-mombaça, períodos de descanso de 42 e 36 dias, respectivamente, e período de ocupação de três dias. Em cada pastagem, eram mantidas quatro novilhas mestiças. As coletas de extrusa foram realizadas, seqüencialmente em cada piquete ocupado, de forma que se obtivessem amostras do terceiro, segundo e primeiro dias de ocupação. A comparação entre as médias das amostras de extrusa dos primeiros, segundos e terceiros dias de ocupação foi realizada por contrastes ortogonais e equações de regressão. No capim-mombaça foi observado comportamento quadrático (P<0,05) no teor de proteína bruta. Os teores de carboidratos totais, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido, celulose e fração potencialmente degradável dos carboidratos (B2) aumentaram linearmente 1,95, 2,74, 2,57, 2,42 e 2,3 pontos percentuais por dia sob pastejo, respectivamente (P<0,05). Houve redução na qualidade do capim-mombaça com o avançar do período de ocupação, principalmente, quanto ao acréscimo dos constituintes fibrosos. No capim-elefante não foram observadas alterações nas variáveis estudadas (P>0,05).

          Translated abstract

          The chemical composition, the fractions of nitrogenous and carbohydrates compounds and the in vitro dry matter digestibility, were evaluated in elephant and mombaça grasses pastures under rotational system. Fifteen paddocks of elephant grass and thirteen of mombaça grass were used with three days of occupation period and 42 and 36 days of resting periods, respectively. Extrusa samplings were done in order to get samples relating to third, second and first days of the occupation period. In each pasture were kept four crossbreds heifers. The comparison between the average composition of esophageal extrusa samples of to the first, second and third days of the occupation periods was done by the orthogonal contrast, with further adjustment by regression equations. For mombaça grass it was observed quadratic behavior (P<0.05) for crude protein content. In function of the occupation period carbohydrates, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose and potentially degradable fraction of carbohydrates (B2), contents increased linearly by 1.95, 2.74, 2.57, 2.42 and 2.3 percent respectively by day of occupation (P<0.05). The mombaça grass quality decreased with the occupation period, mainly due to increases in the fibrous constituents. Were no differences in the chemical composition of elephant grass were observed the occupation period (P>0.05).

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          Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant

          This monumental text-reference places in clear persepctive the importance of nutritional assessments to the ecology and biology of ruminants and other nonruminant herbivorous mammals. Now extensively revised and significantly expanded, it reflects the changes and growth in ruminant nutrition and related ecology since 1982. Among the subjects Peter J. Van Soest covers are nutritional constraints, mineral nutrition, rumen fermentation, microbial ecology, utilization of fibrous carbohydrates, application of ruminant precepts to fermentive digestion in nonruminants, as well as taxonomy, evolution, nonruminant competitors, gastrointestinal anatomies, feeding behavior, and problems fo animal size. He also discusses methods of evaluation, nutritive value, physical struture and chemical composition of feeds, forages, and broses, the effects of lignification, and ecology of plant self-protection, in addition to metabolism of energy, protein, lipids, control of feed intake, mathematical models of animal function, digestive flow, and net energy. Van Soest has introduced a number of changes in this edition, including new illustrations and tables. He places nutritional studies in historical context to show not only the effectiveness of nutritional approaches but also why nutrition is of fundamental importance to issues of world conservation. He has extended precepts of ruminant nutritional ecology to such distant adaptations as the giant panda and streamlined conceptual issues in a clearer logical progression, with emphasis on mechanistic causal interrelationships. Peter J. Van Soest is Professor of Animal Nutrition in the Department of Animal Science and the Division of Nutritional Sciences at the New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University.
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            Symposium on Factors Influencing the Voluntary Intake of Herbage by Ruminants: Voluntary Intake in Relation to Chemical Composition and Digestibility

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              Produção de leite em regime de pasto

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                abmvz
                Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
                Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
                Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária (Belo Horizonte )
                1678-4162
                October 2006
                : 58
                : 5
                : 868-876
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Viçosa Brazil
                Article
                S0102-09352006000500024
                10.1590/S0102-09352006000500024
                5b568e1a-9f29-4154-855d-db6052f02182

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-0935&lng=en
                Categories
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                General veterinary medicine
                protein faction,carbohydrate fraction,esophageal extrusa,fracionamento protéico,fracionamento de carboidratos,extrusa esofágica

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