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      Evaluación del uso y consumo de agua en sistemas de producción de leche en el centro oeste de la provincia de Santa Fe

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          Abstract

          Resumen El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el uso y consumo del agua en la producción lechera bovina, en casos representativos del centro-oeste de la provincia de Santa Fe. Los métodos de análisis están centrados en las metodologías de Huella Hídrica y el enfoque de Ciclo de Vida para evaluación de impactos, en los sistemas lecheros primarios. La unidad de medida definida es kilo de leche corregida por grasa y proteína (LCGP). Se implementaron herramientas diversas y metodologías de cuantificación del consumo de agua, lo cual permitió la obtención de numerosos datos que reflejan la dimensión y forma con que cada sistema hace uso del recurso, distinguiendo grandes diferencias. Las variables de manejo del recurso son las que se destacan como más influyentes. El nivel de afectación de los sistemas sobre el recurso hídrico puede ser mejorado y/o reducido en aquellos sistemas donde presentan menor eficiencia, mediante prácticas y tecnologías que optimicen sus procesos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The objective of the study was to evaluate the use and consumption of water in bovine milk production in representative cases of the central western area of Santa Fe province. The analysis methods are centered on the Water Footprint methodologies and Life Cycle approach for impact assessment in primary dairy systems. The defined measurement unit is milk kilogram corrected for fat and protein (LCGP). Diverse tools and methodologies for quantifying water consumption were implemented, which made it possible to obtain valuable data on the extent and way in which each system makes use of the resource, with great differences identified. The resource management variables stand out as the most influential. The level of affectation of the systems on the water resource can be improved and/or reduced in systems where they present less efficiency through practices and technologies that optimize their processes.

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          Most cited references35

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          Global Monthly Water Scarcity: Blue Water Footprints versus Blue Water Availability

          Freshwater scarcity is a growing concern, placing considerable importance on the accuracy of indicators used to characterize and map water scarcity worldwide. We improve upon past efforts by using estimates of blue water footprints (consumptive use of ground- and surface water flows) rather than water withdrawals, accounting for the flows needed to sustain critical ecological functions and by considering monthly rather than annual values. We analyzed 405 river basins for the period 1996–2005. In 201 basins with 2.67 billion inhabitants there was severe water scarcity during at least one month of the year. The ecological and economic consequences of increasing degrees of water scarcity – as evidenced by the Rio Grande (Rio Bravo), Indus, and Murray-Darling River Basins – can include complete desiccation during dry seasons, decimation of aquatic biodiversity, and substantial economic disruption.
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            The WULCA consensus characterization model for water scarcity footprints: assessing impacts of water consumption based on available water remaining (AWARE)

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              Assessing the environmental impacts of freshwater consumption in LCA.

              A method for assessing the environmental impacts of freshwater consumption was developed. This method considers damages to three areas of protection: human health, ecosystem quality, and resources. The method can be used within most existing life-cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methods. The relative importance of water consumption was analyzed by integrating the method into the Eco-indicator-99 LCIA method. The relative impact of water consumption in LCIA was analyzed with a case study on worldwide cotton production. The importance of regionalized characterization factors for water use was also examined in the case study. In arid regions, water consumption may dominate the aggregated life-cycle impacts of cotton-textile production. Therefore, the consideration of water consumption is crucial in life-cycle assessment (LCA) studies that include water-intensive products, such as agricultural goods. A regionalized assessment is necessary, since the impacts of water use vary greatly as a function of location. The presented method is useful for environmental decision-support in the production of water-intensive products as well as for environmentally responsible value-chain management.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                favecv
                Revista FAVE. Sección Ciencias veterinarias
                FAVE, Secc. Cienc. vet.
                Universidad Nacional del Litoral (Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina )
                2362-5589
                December 2022
                : 21
                : 2
                : 10
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN) Facultad Regional Rafaela Argentina
                [2] orgnameUniversidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN) Facultad Regional Rafaela Argentina
                [3] orgnameInstituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias del Litoral (ICiAgro Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNL-CONICET). Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (FCA-UNL) Argentina
                Article
                S2362-55892022000200010 S2362-5589(22)02100200010
                10.14409/fa.v21i2.12325
                5af02642-ef8c-4bfc-bb85-5b8389e222c4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 May 2022
                : 16 November 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 1
                Product

                SciELO Argentina

                Categories
                Artículos

                water footprint,life cycle,huella hídrica,producción de leche,consumo de agua,sustentabilidad,ciclo de vida,milk production,water consumption,sustainability

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