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      Caracterización de harinas y almidones de batatas (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) de la costa caribe colombiana Translated title: Characterization of batatas flours and starches (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) from the colombian caribbean coast

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El cultivo de batata en Colombia registra pocos excedentes para el mercado nacional, su rendimiento se encuentra en aproximadamente 5t/ha. Dicha producción, se centra en la región Caribe colombiana, en los departamentos de Córdoba y Sucre; sin embargo, el cultivo de la batata podría llegar a ocupar un lugar de importancia para la agroindustria, por los aportes nutricionales y por su alto contenido de almidón, considerado ideal para la obtención industrial de harinas y almidones. En esta investigación, se determinaron las propiedades estructurales y funcionales de harinas y almidones, obtenidos de cuatro variedades de batata, cultivadas en la región Caribe colombiana. Las propiedades funcionales analizadas fueron la capacidad de absorción de agua, amilosa, viscosidad máxima, temperatura de gelatinización, asentamiento, estabilidad y el comportamiento estructural, que fue estudiado mediante espectroscopia de infrarrojo FT-IR. Los resultados presentaron variaciones en los genotipos y las localidades evaluadas; los viscoamilograma en harina mostraron valores alentadores para la industria, tanto la viscosidad máxima (300cP) como el breakdown (-15,64cP) y setback (186,65cP), mientras los almidones presentaron valores relativamente altos, por lo cual, se recomienda realizar técnicas de modificación a la estructura nativa del almidón, modificaciones físicas, enzimáticas o químicas, para ampliar sus aplicaciones. El comportamiento estructural mostró señales que indican la presencia de grupos OH, CH, CO, H2O en las harinas y almidones, de batata evaluados.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The production of sweet potatoes in Colombia presents few surplus for the domestic market, its performance is approximately 5t/ha, with a sown area of barely 5 hectares; this production is obtained on few areas of the national agricultural region (Caribbean region, specifically in the departments of Córdoba and Sucre). However, the crop could reach an important place in the agro-industry, not only for the nutritional contributions but also because of its high content of starch, considered ideal for the industrial production of flours and starches. This research identified the structural and functional properties of flours and starches obtained from four varieties of sweet potato grown in the Colombian Caribbean region. The functional properties analyzed were the capacity of absorption of water, amylose, maximum viscosity, temperature of gelatinization, settlement, stability and structural behavior which was studied by FT-IR-infrared spectroscopy. Results presented variations in genotypes and localities evaluated, the viscoamilogram in flour showed encouraging values for the industry, both the maximum viscosity (300 cP), the breakdown (cP -15.64) and setback (186,65 cP), while starches showed relatively high values, therefore it is recommended to perform modification techniques to the native structure of the starch (physical, chemical or enzymatic modifications) to expand its applications. The structural behaviour showed signs indicating the presence of groups OH, CH, CO, H2O in evaluated flours and sweet potato starches.

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          Most cited references33

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          Morphology and functional properties of corn, potato and tapioca starches

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            Effect of acetylation and dual modification on physico-chemical, rheological and morphological characteristics of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) starch

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              The properties of different cultivars of Jinhai sweet potato starches in China.

              IR, (13)C NMR, X-ray diffraction and DSC applied to study the physicochemical properties of starches from six different cultivars of Jinhai (I-VI) sweet potato strains in China. Jinhai II showed the highest rate of retrogradation while Jinhai III showed the lowest in all studied cultivars. The hydrolysis rates of those starches by α-amylase were from 98.1% in Jinhai II to 99.9% in Jinhai VI with a mean value of 99.3%. The ratio of R (1158/991cm(-1)) in IR spectra of those six different sweet potato starches could be the feature to identify them. All of the six studied Jinhai sweet potato starches showed strong peak at diffraction angle (2θ) of 17°, 15° and 23°, meanwhile an extremely weak peak at 2θ around 5.5° was also identical. XRD pattern of Jinhai II and IV starch also gave strong diffraction peaks at 26.6°, which could be the characteristics of them. The enthalpy and Tp of Jinhai II were especially lower than other cultivars. Jinhai IV revealed two Tp of 128.0°C and 140°C, respectively. The second Tp was maybe the characteristic of Jinhai IV starch. IR and DSC were the most effective methods to distinguish different cultivars of sweet potato.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rudca
                Revista U.D.C.A Actualidad & Divulgación Científica
                rev.udcaactual.divulg.cient.
                Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0123-4226
                June 2019
                : 22
                : 1
                : e1185
                Affiliations
                [1] Sincelejo Sucre orgnameUniversidad de Sucre orgdiv1Facultad de Ingeniería orgdiv2Grupo de investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales y Desarrollo Sostenible (PADES) Colombia jimenez.karla.20@ 123456gmail.com
                [4] Sucre orgnameUniversidad de Sucre orgdiv1Facultad de Ingeniería orgdiv2Grupo de investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales y Desarrollo Sostenible (PADES) Colombia
                [2] Sincelejo Sucre orgnameUniversidad de Sucre orgdiv1Facultad de Ingeniería orgdiv2Grupo de investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales y Desarrollo Sostenible (PADES) Colombia linaarrietabannquet@ 123456gmail.com
                [3] Sucre orgnameUniversidad de Sucre orgdiv1Facultad de Ingeniería orgdiv2Grupo de investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales y Desarrollo Sostenible (PADES) Colombia jairo.salcedo@ 123456unisucre.edu.co
                Article
                S0123-42262019000100312 S0123-4226(19)02200100312
                10.31910/rudca.v22.n1.2019.1185
                5ad332f7-a53f-4973-b725-82e95c312541

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 June 2018
                : 24 February 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 37, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Ciencias agropecuarias

                starch,almidón,espectroscopia,viscoamilograma,flour,spectroscopy,genotipo,genotype,viscoamillogram,harina

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