Hansen versus Neisser: controvérsias científicas na 'descoberta' do bacilo da lepra Translated title: Hansen versus Neisser: scientific controversies over the 'discovery' of the bacillus of leprosy

Abstract

Analisa o conturbado processo científico que levou à 'descoberta' do bacilo causador da lepra, na Europa, na segunda metade do século XIX, e que envolveu alguns dos principais nomes da ciência médica do período, como Robert Koch, Rudolf Virchow e Armauer Hansen. Compreendida como paradigma científico, tal 'descoberta' será aqui reexaminada historicamente através de fontes primárias ainda pouco trabalhadas na América Latina. Objetiva-se oferecer novos instrumentos de análise e de reflexão para a historiografia das ciências, posto que serão identificados aspectos culturais, sociais e mesmo nacionalistas na construção desse paradigma.

Translated abstract

This paper analyzes the turbulent scientific process that led to the 'discovery' of the bacillus that causes leprosy, which occurred in Europe in the second half of the nineteenth century and which involved some of the leading names in medical science of the period, such as Robert Koch, Rudolf Virchow and Armauer Hansen. Understood as a scientific paradigm, this 'discovery' is reexamined here based on primary sources as yet only partially researched in Latin America. The scope of this paper is to provide new instruments for analysis and reflection for the historiography of the sciences, as the cultural, social and even nationalist aspects are identified in the construction of this paradigm.