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      Pubalgia del deportista y hernia de la región inguinocrural: rol de la ecografía Translated title: Athletic pubalgia and inguinocrural hernias: role of ultrasonography

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: Determinar las características de desempeño de la ecografía en el diagnóstico de las hernias de la región inguinocrural en pacientes con manifestaciones clínicas de pubalgia del deportista. Material y Métodos: Fueron realizadas ecografías de la región inguinocrural en forma bilateral a 400 pacientes consecutivos con pubalgia (800 regiones inguinocrurales exploradas; 379 pacientes de sexo masculino y 21 femenino; edad media: 28 años, con un rango de 16 a 45 años). Todos los pacientes eran deportistas -profesionales o amateurs-, provenientes íntegramente de un centro de medicina deportiva, derivados por un subespecialista en pubalgia. Los hallazgos ecográficos fueron comparados con los de la cirugía laparoscópica o con los resultados del examen físico y eventual seguimiento por consultorio externo. En consecuencia, se determinó la sensibilidad, especificidad y los valores predictivos positivo y negativo de la ecografía para el diagnóstico de hernias de la región inguinocrural en este grupo de pacientes. Resultados: Se detectaron hallazgos ecográficos que sugirieron la presencia de hernia en 128 regiones inguinocrurales (100 pacientes, 28 bilaterales). Al ser comparados con la cirugía y la clínica, la sensibilidad del método fue del 96,96% y la especificidad del 100%; los valores predictivos positivo y negativo, del 100% y 99,4%, respectivamente. Conclusión: La ecografía es un método de alta exactitud diagnóstica para la detección de hernias en pacientes con pubalgia del deportista que al examen físico no son evidentes o bien de naturaleza equívoca.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: To determine the performance characteristics of ultrasound for the diagnosis of inguinocrural hernias in patients with clinical manifestations of athletic pubalgia. Material and methods: Bilateral ultrasound scans were performed in the inguinocrural region of 400 consecutive patients with athletic pubalgia (800 inguinocrural regions explored, 379 males, 21 females, mean age 28; range 16-45 years). All the patients were athletes, professional or amateur, coming from a single center of sports medicine and health referred by a sub-specialist in pubalgia. The Ultrasound findings were compared to those of laparoscopic surgery or the findings obtained at the physical examination and eventual follow up at the outpatient clinic. The results were used to determine the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value of ultrasound for the diagnosis of inguinocrural hernias in this group of patients. Results: The ultrasound findings suggested the presence of hernias in 128 inguinocrural regions (100 patients, 28 bilateral). When compared to the surgical and clinical findings, ultrasound showed a sensitivity of 96.96 % and a specificity of 100%. The Positive predictive value reached100% and the negative predictive value came to 99.4%. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is an imaging modality of high diagnostic accuracy to detect hernias that are not evident on physical examination or are of equivocal nature in patients with athlete pubalgia.

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          Most cited references27

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          Experience with "sports hernia" spanning two decades.

          Athletic pubalgia (AP) is a leading cause of athlete loss from competitive sports. Commonly misnamed "sports hernia," AP is a set of pelvic injuries involving the abdominal and pelvic musculature outside the ball-and-socket hip joint and on both sides of the pubic symphysis. Prospective studies show that timely intervention and appropriate repair of selected injuries results in greater than 95% success. The senior author reviewed his experience with 8,490 patients and 5,460 operations, looking primarily at the changes in patient characteristics over the last 2 decades and at some of the advances. Female proportion, age, numbers of sports, and soft tissue structures involved have all increased as have the number of syndromes identified and number of operations. MRI has improved greatly for both the diagnosis of hip and nonhip pathology in the pelvis. Increased understanding has led also to new rehabilitation and performance protocols. Better understanding and recognition of the injuries has led to more satisfactory care and returned many athletes to successful careers, which has had a major impact on modern sport.
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            Groin pain associated with ultrasound finding of inguinal canal posterior wall deficiency in Australian Rules footballers.

            To investigate the prevalence of inguinal canal posterior wall deficiency (sports hernia) in professional Australian Rules footballers using an ultrasound technique and correlate the results with the clinical symptom of groin pain. Thirty five professional Australian footballers with and without groin pain were investigated blind with a dynamic high resolution ultrasound technique for presence of posterior wall deficiency. Fourteen players had a history of significant recent groin pain and ten of these were found to have bilateral inguinal canal posterior wall deficiency (p < 0.01). The relative risk for a history of groin pain with bilateral deficiency was 8.0 (95% confidence interval 1.73 to 37.1). Groin pain was also found to be associated with increasing age (p < 0.01) which was an independent risk factor. Surgical, clinical, and ultrasound follow up for players who underwent hernia repair confirmed the validity of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool. Dynamic ultrasound examination is able to detect inguinal canal posterior wall deficiency in young males with no clinical signs of hernia. This condition is very prevalent in professional Australian Rules footballers, including some who are asymptomatic. There was a correlation between bilateral deficiency and groin pain, although the temporal relationship between the clinical and ultrasound findings is not established by the current study. Ultrasound shows promise as a diagnostic tool in athletes with chronic groin pain who are considered possible candidates for hernia repair.
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              Sonography of inguinal region hernias.

              The purpose of this article is to describe the anatomy of the inguinal region in a way that is useful for sonographic diagnosis of inguinal region hernias, and to illustrate the sonographic appearance of this anatomy. We show sonographic techniques for evaluating inguinal, femoral, and spigelian hernias and include surgically proven examples. Understanding healthy inguinal anatomy is essential for diagnosing inguinal region hernias. Sonography can diagnose and differentiate between various inguinal region hernias.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rar
                Revista argentina de radiología
                Rev. argent. radiol.
                Sociedad Argentina de Radiología (SAR) y Federación Argentina de Diagnóstico por Imágenes y Terapia Radiante (FAARDIT) (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                1852-9992
                June 2010
                : 74
                : 2
                : 171-178
                Affiliations
                [01] CABA orgnameSanatorio Mater Dei orgdiv1Servicio de Ecografía Argentina
                [02] San Isidro Buenos Aires orgnameTrinidad Medical Center orgdiv1Servicio de Ecografía Argentina
                [03] CABA orgnameCETEA Argentina
                Article
                S1852-99922010000200008 S1852-9992(10)07400200008
                58b5a0df-f9d7-466e-b3af-37e96fd94dde

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : October 2009
                : May 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Argentina

                Categories
                Osteo-articular

                Hernia,Inguinal,Abdominal wall,Ultrasound,Hernia inguinal,Pared abdominal,Ecografía

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