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      Social media use by patients with hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos syndrome

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          Abstract

          Background

          Patients with uncommon genetic conditions often face limited in‐person resources for social and informational support. Hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (hEDS) is a rare or underdiagnosed hereditary disorder of the connective tissue, and like those with similar diseases, patients with hEDS have begun to turn to social media in search of care and community. The aims of our study were to understand the usage habits and perceptions of utility of social media use for patients with hEDS in order to formulate suggestions for how clinicians may best engage these and similar patient populations about this topic.

          Methods

          We conducted both a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews with patients who had received a robust clinical diagnosis of hEDS.

          Results

          Twenty‐four individuals completed the initial survey, and a subset of 21 of those participants completed an interview. Through thematic analysis, we identified four primary themes related to their experience with social media: (1) befriending others with their disease, (2) seeking and vetting information, (3) the risks and downsides of social media use, and (4) the desire for clinicians to discuss this topic with them.

          Conclusion

          We conclude by proposing five suggestions that emerge empirically from our data. These proposals will help clinicians engage their patients regarding social media use in order to promote its potential benefits and circumvent its potential harms as they pursue support for their hereditary condition.

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          Most cited references45

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          Saturation in qualitative research: exploring its conceptualization and operationalization

          Saturation has attained widespread acceptance as a methodological principle in qualitative research. It is commonly taken to indicate that, on the basis of the data that have been collected or analysed hitherto, further data collection and/or analysis are unnecessary. However, there appears to be uncertainty as to how saturation should be conceptualized, and inconsistencies in its use. In this paper, we look to clarify the nature, purposes and uses of saturation, and in doing so add to theoretical debate on the role of saturation across different methodologies. We identify four distinct approaches to saturation, which differ in terms of the extent to which an inductive or a deductive logic is adopted, and the relative emphasis on data collection, data analysis, and theorizing. We explore the purposes saturation might serve in relation to these different approaches, and the implications for how and when saturation will be sought. In examining these issues, we highlight the uncertain logic underlying saturation—as essentially a predictive statement about the unobserved based on the observed, a judgement that, we argue, results in equivocation, and may in part explain the confusion surrounding its use. We conclude that saturation should be operationalized in a way that is consistent with the research question(s), and the theoretical position and analytic framework adopted, but also that there should be some limit to its scope, so as not to risk saturation losing its coherence and potency if its conceptualization and uses are stretched too widely.
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            Basics of Qualitative Research : Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory

            The Second Edition of this best-selling textbook continues to offer immensely practical advice and technical expertise that will aid researchers in analyzing and interpreting their collected data, and ultimately build theory from it. The authors provide a step-by-step guide to the research act. Full of definitions and illustrative examples, the book presents criteria for evaluating a study as well as responses to common questions posed by students of qualitative research.
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              The 2017 international classification of the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes.

              The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of heritable connective tissue disorders (HCTDs) characterized by joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility, and tissue fragility. Over the past two decades, the Villefranche Nosology, which delineated six subtypes, has been widely used as the standard for clinical diagnosis of EDS. For most of these subtypes, mutations had been identified in collagen-encoding genes, or in genes encoding collagen-modifying enzymes. Since its publication in 1998, a whole spectrum of novel EDS subtypes has been described, and mutations have been identified in an array of novel genes. The International EDS Consortium proposes a revised EDS classification, which recognizes 13 subtypes. For each of the subtypes, we propose a set of clinical criteria that are suggestive for the diagnosis. However, in view of the vast genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic variability of the EDS subtypes, and the clinical overlap between EDS subtypes, but also with other HCTDs, the definite diagnosis of all EDS subtypes, except for the hypermobile type, relies on molecular confirmation with identification of (a) causative genetic variant(s). We also revised the clinical criteria for hypermobile EDS in order to allow for a better distinction from other joint hypermobility disorders. To satisfy research needs, we also propose a pathogenetic scheme, that regroups EDS subtypes for which the causative proteins function within the same pathway. We hope that the revised International EDS Classification will serve as a new standard for the diagnosis of EDS and will provide a framework for future research purposes. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                chalver@iu.edu
                Journal
                Mol Genet Genomic Med
                Mol Genet Genomic Med
                10.1002/(ISSN)2324-9269
                MGG3
                Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2324-9269
                11 June 2024
                June 2024
                : 12
                : 6 ( doiID: 10.1002/mgg3.v12.6 )
                : e2467
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Medicine, Center for Bioethics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
                [ 2 ] Department of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
                [ 3 ] Department of Anthropology Indiana University Indianapolis Indiana USA
                [ 4 ] Regenstrief Institute Indianapolis Indiana USA
                [ 5 ] Charles Warren Fairbanks Center for Medical Ethics Indianapolis Indiana USA
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Colin M. E. Halverson, Department of Medicine, Center for Bioethics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

                Email: chalver@ 123456iu.edu

                Article
                MGG32467 MGG3-2024-01-0120.R2
                10.1002/mgg3.2467
                11165341
                38860470
                583ceea9-54f1-4a0a-a34e-938c6e0461a3
                © 2024 The Author(s). Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

                History
                : 25 April 2024
                : 29 January 2024
                : 07 May 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 2, Pages: 11, Words: 8800
                Funding
                Funded by: National Human Genome Research Institute , doi 10.13039/100000051;
                Categories
                Original Article
                Original Articles
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                June 2024
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.4.4 mode:remove_FC converted:11.06.2024

                ehlers–danlos syndromes,patient perspective,qualitative research,social media

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