HERITABILITY OF DIAPAUSE INTENSITY IN HYPHANTRIA CUNEA AND CORRELATED FITNESS RESPONSES

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Abstract

The heat requirements for diapause termination in pupae of Hyphantria cuneaare subject to a high degree of generic control. Offspring–parent regression analysis based on a positively assortative mating pattern, which is the normal pattern in field populations of this species, provides a slope of 0.60. Positive skewness in the distribution of heat requirements can be reduced by conversion to logarithms. The inheritance of heat requirements is sex-linked, with the female being the heterogametic sex. Fitness characters that are significantly correlated with heat requirements affect larval and pupal survival rates and the weight of both male and female pupae. When the effects of these correlated survival rates are removed mathematically, the slope of the offspring–parent regression is increased to 0.80.Changes in the heat requirements of natural populations, in relation to the amount of heat available each year, influence their survival rates. The comparison of actual and calculated changes, based on models for heritability and selection pressures, will be the subject of a later paper in this series on H. cunea.

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REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY IN THE GENUS CHORISTONEURA LED. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE). I. QUANTITATIVE INHERITANCE AND GENES AS CONTROLLERS OF RATES

I. M. Campbell (1962)

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Influence of Parental Food Quality on the Survival of Hyphantria cunea

R. F. Morris (1967)

Larvae of Hyphantria cunea Drury were reared on early, mid-season, and late foliage collected from the same apple trees. Survival was significantly lower on late foliage and the fecundity of the moths decreased from 604 in the early series to 128 in the late. Half the filial generation was reared under nutritional stress on a deficient synthetic diet and the other half on a very favorable host, speckled alder. Under both conditions there was a strong transmitted influence of parental food quality on the viability of the eggs and on the ability of first-instar larvae to become established on food. The progeny of the late series did not survive beyond this instar. When the filial generation was subjected to nutritional stress, the influence of parental food was apparent throughout the larval, pupal and adult stages, with progeny of the early series having higher survival than those of the mid-season series. However, when the filial generation hail very favorable food, there was no significant difference in survival rates subsequent to the larval establishment period. The quality of foliage available to univoltine populations of H . cunea depends largely on temperature. Thus, in the development of population models for this species, temperature should be treated as a variable having not only direct effects on establishment and survival each season, but also indirect effects on the quality of the progeny in the following season.