Article Information
Accepted for Publication: May 29, 2020.
Published: June 24, 2020. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.13136
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
CC-BY License. © 2020 Deftereos SG et al.
JAMA Network Open.
Corresponding Author: Spyridon G. Deftereos, MD, PhD, Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital,
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece, 1 Rimini St, Chaidari, Attiki,
Greece (
spdeftereos@
123456gmail.com
).
Author Contributions: Dr Deftereos had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility
for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Concept and design: Deftereos, Giannopoulos, Vrachatis, Siasos, Giotaki, Gargalianos, Sianos, Sipsas,
Gogos, Olympios, Migdalis, Angelidis, Alexopoulos, Davlouros, Hahalis, Kanonidis,
Kolettis, Pyrgakis, Toutouzas, Triposkiadis, Tsioufis, Vavouranakis, Reimers, Cleman,
Goudevenos, Tsiodras, Tousoulis, Iliodromitis, Stefanadis.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Deftereos, Giannopoulos, Vrachatis, Giotaki, Gargalianos, Metallidis, Baltagiannis,
Panagopoulos, Dolianitis, Randou, Syrigos, Kotanidou, Koulouris, Milionis, Tsoukalas,
Tsagalou, Migdalis, Gerakari, Davlouros, Kanonidis, Katritsis, Manolis, Michalis,
Naka, Martinez-Dolz, Reimers, Stefanini, Mehran, Dangas, Stefanadis.
Drafting of the manuscript: Deftereos, Giannopoulos, Vrachatis, Siasos, Giotaki, Gargalianos, Baltagiannis, Randou,
Koulouris, Tsoukalas, Migdalis, Toutouzas, Vavouranakis, Reimers, Cleman.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Deftereos, Vrachatis, Giotaki, Gargalianos, Metallidis, Sianos, Panagopoulos, Dolianitis,
Syrigos, Kotanidou, Milionis, Sipsas, Gogos, Olympios, Tsagalou, Migdalis, Gerakari,
Angelidis, Alexopoulos, Davlouros, Hahalis, Kanonidis, Katritsis, Kolettis, Manolis,
Michalis, Naka, Pyrgakis, Triposkiadis, Tsioufis, Martinez-Dolz, Reimers, Stefanini,
Cleman, Goudevenos, Tsiodras, Tousoulis, Iliodromitis, Mehran, Dangas, Stefanadis.
Statistical analysis: Deftereos, Giannopoulos, Vrachatis, Baltagiannis, Vavouranakis.
Obtained funding: Deftereos, Migdalis.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Deftereos, Vrachatis, Gargalianos, Sianos, Baltagiannis, Syrigos, Kotanidou, Koulouris,
Sipsas, Migdalis, Gerakari, Kolettis, Michalis, Iliodromitis.
Supervision: Deftereos, Giannopoulos, Siasos, Gargalianos, Syrigos, Gogos, Tsoukalas, Olympios,
Alexopoulos, Hahalis, Kanonidis, Katritsis, Kolettis, Pyrgakis, Toutouzas, Reimers,
Tsiodras, Iliodromitis, Mehran, Stefanadis.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Vrachatis reported receiving a scholarship from Hellenic Society of Cardiology.
Dr Michalis reported receiving grants and nonfinancial support from ELPEN Pharmaceuticals
outside the submitted work. Dr Naka reported receiving grants and nonfinancial support
from ELPEN Pharmaceuticals outside the submitted work. Dr Stefanini reported receiving
a research grant to his institution and speaker fees from Boston Scientific and speaker
fees from B. Braun Medical, Biosensors, and GADA outside the submitted work. Dr Mehran
reported receiving grants and personal fees from Abbott Laboratories; grants from
Applied Therapeutics, Bayer, Beth Israel Deaconess, CERC, Chiesi, Concept Medical,
CSL Behring, DSI, Medtronic, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, and OrbusNeich; receiving grants
from and serving on the advisory board of Bristol-Myers Squibb; receiving grants from
and having a spouse who is a consultant for Abiomed; having a spouse who is a consultant
for The Medicines Company; serving as a consultant for Boston Scientific, Janssen
Scientific Affairs, Medscape/WebMD, Roivant Services, Sanofi, Siemens Medical Solutions,
and Spectranetics/Philips/Volcano; receiving nonfinancial support from Idorsia Pharmaceuticals
and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; receiving advisory and speaking fees from Medtelligence
(Janssen Scientific Affairs); serving on the data safety monitoring board for Watermark
Research Partners; owning equity in Claret Medical and Elixir Medical; and serving
as associate editor for ACC and
JAMA Cardiology outside the submitted work. Dr Dangas reported receiving grants and personal fees
from AstraZeneca, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, and Abbott Laboratories and receiving
grants from Bayer, Daiichi-Sankyo, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Novartis outside the
submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: The study was funded by ELPEN Pharmaceuticals, Acarpia Pharmaceuticals, and Karian
Pharmaceuticals.
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management,
analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the
manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Group Information: The GRECCO-19 investigators comprises George Adamis, MD (First Department of Internal
Medicine, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece); Alexandra Agorogianni,
MD (Second Medical Department, NIMTS Hospital, Athens, Greece); Evangelos Balis, MD
(First Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital Evangelismos, National and Kapodistrian
University of Athens, Athens, Greece); Ioannis Baraboutis, MD (Department of Internal
Medicine, Pammakaristos Hospital, Athens, Greece); Zafeiria Barmparessou, MD (First
Department of Pneumonology, General Hospital Sotiria, National and Kapodistrian University
of Athens, Athens, Greece); Georgios Bobotis, MD (Department of Cardiology, Papagerogiou
Hospital); George Bouras, MD (Cardiology Department, NIMTS Hospital); Alexandra Chronaiou,
MD (Fourth Department of Pneumonology, General Hospital Sotiria); Theofilos Chrysanthidis,
MD (First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece), Ioanna Davoni, RN (Department of Cardiology,
G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens); Gerasimos Deftereos, BSc (Department of
Cardiology, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens); Evangelos Oikonomou, MD (First
Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University
of Athens, Greece); Nadia El Fellah, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, General
Hospital of West Attica Agia Varvara, Athens, Greece); Dimitrios Filippou, MD (Department
of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens); Katerina Fountoulaki,
MD (Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Elefsina Thriasio, Elefsina, Greece);
Paraskevi C. Fragkou, MD (Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon Hospital,
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece); Maria Giaka, MD (Department
of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Kozani, Kozani, Greece); Sotirios Giotakis,
MD (Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital), Konstantina Goula, RN (Department
of Cardiology, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens); Sotiria Grigoropoulou, MD
(Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon Hospital); Konstantinos Iliodromitis,
MD (Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital); Edison Jahaj, MD (First Intensive
Care Unit, General Hospital Evangelismos); George Kalambokis, MD (First Department
of Internal Medicine, Ioannina University Hospital, University of Ioannina, Ioannina,
Greece); Andreas Kaoukis, MD (Department of Cardiology, G. Gennimatas General Hospital
of Athens); Drosos E. Karageorgopoulos, MD (Fourth Department of Internal Medicine,
Attikon Hospital); Nikolaos Karamvakalis, MD (Second Medical Department, NIMTS Hospital);
Stratis Katsianos, MD (Third Department of Cardiology, General Hospital Sotiria);
Vasilios Kekeris, MD (Airport Services of Emergency Medical Care/EKAB); George Kochiadakis,
MD (Cardiology Department, University of Crete, Heraclion, Greece); Anastasios Kollias,
MD (Third Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Sotiria); Fotios Kolokathis,
MD (Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital); Michalis Komis, MD (Department
of Cardiology, General Hospital of Elefsina Thriasio); Athanasios Koromilias, MD (First
Department of Pneumonology, General Hospital Sotiria); Charalampos Kossyvakis, MD
(Department of Cardiology, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens); Ioanna Kotsamidi,
MD (Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Kozani); Eleanna Kotsia,
MD (Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital); Artemis Kyriakidou, MD (Department
of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Kastoria, Kastoria, Greece); Konstantinos
G. Kyriakoulis, MD (Third Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Sotiria);
Sotiria Laparidou, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Kozani);
Fotios Lezgidis, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, Mpodosakio General Hospital
of Ptolemaida, Ptolemaida, Greece); Georgia Loli, MD (First Department of Internal
Medicine, AHEPA Hospital); Spyridon P. Louvros, MD (Department of Cardiology, G. Gennimatas
General Hospital of Athens); Theodora Maniatopoulou, MD (First Department of Internal
Medicine, Ioannina University Hospital); Anastasia Mavrogiannaki, MD (Second Medical
Department, NIMTS Hospital); Eirini Melidou, MD (Department of Internal Medicine,
General Hospital of Kozani); Nikolaos Moussas, MD (Athens Medical Center, Athens,
Greece); Danai Mparlampa, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, Pammakaristos Hospital);
George Neroutsos, MD (Department of Cardiology, Chalkida General Hospital, Chalkida,
Greece); Anastasia Nikolaidou, MD (First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital);
Sebastien-Filippas Ntekouan, MD (First Department of Internal Medicine, Ioannina University
Hospital); Dimitrios Ntemos, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital
of Kozani); Dimitrios Palaiologos, MD (Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital);
Aikaterini Panteli, MD (First Department of Internal Medicine, Ioannina University
Hospital); Konstantinos Papathanasiou, MD (Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon
Hospital); Fragkiskos Parthenakis, MD (Cardiology Department, University of Crete);
Sofia Pavlidou, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, Mpodosakio General Hospital of
Ptolemaida); Vasilis Petrakis, MD (Second Department of Internal Medicine, General
Hospital of Alexandroupoli, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupoli, Greece);
Garyphallia Poulakou, MD (Third Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital
Sotiria); Stefanos Poulios, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital
of Kozani), Konstantinos Raisakis, MD (Department of Cardiology, G. Gennimatas General
Hospital of Athens); Grigorios Salvaras, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, Mpodosakio
General Hospital of Ptolemaida), John Skoularigis, MD (Department of Cardiology, University
of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece); Nikoleta Stanitsa, MD (Second Department of Cardiology,
Attikon Hospital); Jorge Sanz-Sánchez, MD (Cardio Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research
Hospital IRCCS, Rozzano-Milan, Italy); Eleni Sarri, MD (Second Department of Cardiology,
Attikon Hospital); Anastasios Semertzidis, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, General
Hospital of Kastoria); Ioannis Styliadis, MD (Department of Cardiology, Papagerogiou
Hospital); Prodromos Temberikidis, MD (First Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital
Evangelismos); Charalampos Thanos, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, Pammakaristos
Hospital); Andreas Theodorakis, MD (Department of Cardiology, Missolonghi General
Hospital, Missolonghi, Greece), Christos Tolis, MD (Department of Cardiology, G. Gennimatas
General Hospital of Athens); Dimitrios Touloumenidis, MD (Department of Internal Medicine,
Mpodosakio General Hospital of Ptolemaida); Athanasios Trikas, MD (Cardiology Department,
Elpis General Hospital, Athens, Greece); Olga Tsachouridou, MD (First Department of
Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital); Dimitrios Tsiachris, MD (Athens Medical Center);
Ilias Tsiakas, MD (First Department of Internal Medicine, Ioannina University Hospital);
Panagiotis-Anastasios Tsioufis, MD (Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital
of Kozani); George Tsitsinakis, MD (Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmology,
IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy); Stamatios D. Tsouroulas, MD (Department
of Cardiology, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens); Argyris Tzouvelekis, MD
(First Department of Pneumonology, General Hospital Sotiria); Ioannis Vagias, MD (Department
of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Kozani); Panagiotis Xarras, MD (Department
of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Kozani); Alexandra Yannou, MD (Department
of Internal Medicine, Pammakaristos Hospital); Dimitrios Yiagoulis, MD (Department
of Internal Medicine, Mpodosakio General Hospital of Ptolemaida).
