Effects of sleep manipulation on cognitive functioning of adolescents: A systematic review

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The influence of sleep quality, sleep duration and sleepiness on school performance in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review.

Julia F Dewald, Anne M. Meijer, Frans J Oort … (2010)

Insufficient sleep, poor sleep quality and sleepiness are common problems in children and adolescents being related to learning, memory and school performance. The associations between sleep quality (k=16 studies, N=13,631), sleep duration (k=17 studies, N=15,199), sleepiness (k=17, N=19,530) and school performance were examined in three separate meta-analyses including influential factors (e.g., gender, age, parameter assessment) as moderators. All three sleep variables were significantly but modestly related to school performance. Sleepiness showed the strongest relation to school performance (r=-0.133), followed by sleep quality (r=0.096) and sleep duration (r=0.069). Effect sizes were larger for studies including younger participants which can be explained by dramatic prefrontal cortex changes during (early) adolescence. Concerning the relationship between sleep duration and school performance age effects were even larger in studies that included more boys than in studies that included more girls, demonstrating the importance of differential pubertal development of boys and girls. Longitudinal and experimental studies are recommended in order to gain more insight into the different relationships and to develop programs that can improve school performance by changing individuals' sleep patterns. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Sleep loss, learning capacity and academic performance.

Giuseppe Curcio, Michele Ferrara, Luigi De Gennaro (2006)

At a time when several studies have highlighted the relationship between sleep, learning and memory processes, an in-depth analysis of the effects of sleep deprivation on student learning ability and academic performance would appear to be essential. Most studies have been naturalistic correlative investigations, where sleep schedules were correlated with school and academic achievement. Nonetheless, some authors were able to actively manipulate sleep in order to observe neurocognitive and behavioral consequences, such as learning, memory capacity and school performance. The findings strongly suggest that: (a) students of different education levels (from school to university) are chronically sleep deprived or suffer from poor sleep quality and consequent daytime sleepiness; (b) sleep quality and quantity are closely related to student learning capacity and academic performance; (c) sleep loss is frequently associated with poor declarative and procedural learning in students; (d) studies in which sleep was actively restricted or optimized showed, respectively, a worsening and an improvement in neurocognitive and academic performance. These results may been related to the specific involvement of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in vulnerability to sleep loss. Most methodological limitations are discussed and some future research goals are suggested.

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Sleep-dependent learning and memory consolidation.

Matthew Walker, Robert Stickgold (2004)

While the functions of sleep remain largely unknown, one of the most exciting and contentious hypotheses is that sleep contributes importantly to memory. A large number of studies offer a substantive body of evidence supporting this role of sleep in what is becoming known as sleep-dependent memory processing. This review will provide evidence of sleep-dependent memory consolidation and sleep-dependent brain plasticity and is divided into five sections: (1) an overview of sleep stages, memory categories, and the distinct stages of memory development; (2) a review of the specific relationships between sleep and memory, both in humans and animals; (3) a survey of evidence describing sleep-dependent brain plasticity, including human brain imaging studies as well as animal studies of cellular neurophysiology and molecular biology. We close (4) with a consideration of unanswered questions as well as existing arguments against the role of sleep in learning and memory and (5) a concluding summary.

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Journal

Title: Sleep Medicine Reviews

Abbreviated Title: Sleep Medicine Reviews

Publisher: Elsevier BV

ISSN (Print): 10870792

Publication date Created: April 2017

Publication date (Print): April 2017

Volume: 32

Issue:

Pages: 45-57

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DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2016.02.006

PubMed ID: 27039223

SO-VID: 51ed83d8-cc88-41b8-b27a-8645fd07677c

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Effects of sleep manipulation on cognitive functioning of adolescents: A systematic review

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Most cited references 32

The influence of sleep quality, sleep duration and sleepiness on school performance in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review.

Sleep loss, learning capacity and academic performance.

Sleep-dependent learning and memory consolidation.

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